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=== Materials === Turner experimented with a wide variety of pigments.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Townsend|first=Joyce H.|date=1993|title=The Materials of J. M. W. Turner: Pigments|jstor=1506368|journal=Studies in Conservation|volume=38|issue=4|pages=231β254|doi=10.2307/1506368}}</ref> He used formulations like [[carmine]], despite knowing that they were not long-lasting, and against the advice of contemporary experts to use more durable pigments. As a result, many of his colours have now faded. Ruskin complained at how quickly his work decayed; Turner was indifferent to posterity and chose materials that looked good when freshly applied.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w486V_or5P8C&q=turner+|title=Color: A Natural History of the Palette|last=Finlay|first=Victoria|publisher=Random House Trade Paperbacks|year=2004|isbn=0-8129-7142-6|pages=134β135}} {{subscription required|s}}</ref> By 1930, there was concern that both his oils and his watercolours were fading.<ref name="perth">{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article83121606|title=Colors That Fade: Turner's Masterpieces: Can his works be saved?|date=9 January 1930|work=[[The Daily News (Perth, Western Australia)|The Daily News]]|page=2|access-date=18 May 2014}}</ref>
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