Editing Iranian calendars (section)

== Modern calendar: Solar Hijri (SH) ==
{{Main|Solar Hijri calendar}}
The present Iranian calendar was legally adopted on 31 March 1925, under the early [[Pahlavi Iran|Pahlavi dynasty]]. The law said that the first day of the year should be the first day of spring in "the true solar year", "as it has been" ever so. It also fixed the number of days in each month, which previously varied by year with the [[Sidereal and tropical astrology|sidereal zodiac]]. It revived the ancient Persian names, which are still used. 1 Farvardin is the day whose midnight start is nearest to the instant of vernal equinox. The first six months have 31 days, the next five thirty, and the twelfth has 29 days and 30 in leap years. 

It specified [[Epoch (reference date)|the origin of the calendar]] to be the [[Hijrah]] of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in AD 622.<ref>Fazlur Rehman Shaikh, ''Chronology of Prophetic Events'' (London: Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd., 2001), p. 157.</ref> It also deprecated the 12-year cycles of the Chinese-Uighur calendar which were not officially sanctioned but were commonly used.

On March 10, 1976 (20 Esfand 1354), Shah [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] introduced the "Imperial calendar" that measured the first year from [[559 BC]], the beginning of [[Cyrus the Great]]'s reign and the foundation of the Achaemenian Empire, rather than [[622 AD]], the [[Hegira|Hijra]] of [[Muhammad]]. Overnight, the year changed from 1355 to 2535. This change was reversed slightly more than two years later, on September 2, 1978 (11 Shahrivar 2537, which became 11 Shahrivar 1357), in the wake of civil unrest preceding the [[Iranian revolution]], and the calendar reverted to Solar Hijri.<ref>[https://www.google.com/books/edition/Iranian_Intellectuals_in_the_Twentieth_C/3S8GAgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=iranian+calendar+March+1925&pg=PR13&printsec=frontcover "Note on Transliteration and Dates"], in ''Iranian Intellectuals in the Twentieth Century'', by Ali Gheissari (University of Texas Press, 2010)</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yxd3E-_AqSEC&pg=PA13 |title=Persian Pilgrimages by Afshin Molavi |isbn=9780393051193 |last1=Molavi |first1=Afshin |last2=Mawlawī |first2=Afšīn |year=2002 |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company }}</ref> Correspondence of Solar Hijri and Gregorian calendars (Solar Hijri leap years are marked *): <ref>{{cite web|first=Holger |last=Oertel |url=http://www.ortelius.de/kalender/pers_en.php |title=Persian calendar by Holger Oertel |publisher=Ortelius.de |date=30 May 2009 |access-date=2012-08-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716225712/http://www.ortelius.de/kalender/pers_en.php |archive-date=16 July 2012 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 33-year <br/> cycle<ref>[http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Papers/EMP/PersianC-EMP.htm ''The Persian calendar for 3000 years''], (Kazimierz M Borkowski), ''Earth, Moon, and Planetsss'', '''74''' (1996), No. 3, pp 223–230.</ref> || Solar Hijri year || Gregorian year || Solar Hijri year || Gregorian year
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
|  1 || 1354*|| 21&nbsp;March 1975 – 20&nbsp;March 1976 || 1387*|| 20&nbsp;March 2008 – 20&nbsp;March 2009
|- style="text-align:center;"
|  2 || 1355<br>(2535) || 21&nbsp;March 1976 – 20&nbsp;March 1977 || 1388 || 21&nbsp;March 2009 – 20&nbsp;March 2010
|- style="text-align:center;"
|  3 || 1356<br>(2536) || 21&nbsp;March 1977 – 20&nbsp;March 1978 || 1389 || 21&nbsp;March 2010 – 20&nbsp;March 2011
|- style="text-align:center;"
|  4 || 1357<br>(2537) || 21&nbsp;March 1978 – 20&nbsp;March 1979 || 1390 || 21&nbsp;March 2011 – 19&nbsp;March 2012
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
|  5 || 1358*|| 21&nbsp;March 1979 – 20&nbsp;March 1980 || 1391*|| 20&nbsp;March 2012 – 20&nbsp;March 2013
|- style="text-align:center;"
|  6 || 1359 || 21&nbsp;March 1980 – 20&nbsp;March 1981 || 1392 || 21&nbsp;March 2013 – 20&nbsp;March 2014
|- style="text-align:center;"
|  7 || 1360 || 21&nbsp;March 1981 – 20&nbsp;March 1982 || 1393 || 21&nbsp;March 2014 – 20&nbsp;March 2015
|- style="text-align:center;"
|  8 || 1361 || 21&nbsp;March 1982 – 20&nbsp;March 1983 || 1394 || 21&nbsp;March 2015 – 19&nbsp;March 2016
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
|  9 || 1362*|| 21&nbsp;March 1983 – 20&nbsp;March 1984 || 1395*|| 20&nbsp;March 2016 – 20&nbsp;March 2017
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 10 || 1363 || 21&nbsp;March 1984 – 20&nbsp;March 1985 || 1396 || 21&nbsp;March 2017 – 20&nbsp;March 2018
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 11 || 1364 || 21&nbsp;March 1985 – 20&nbsp;March 1986 || 1397 || 21&nbsp;March 2018 – 20&nbsp;March 2019
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 12 || 1365 || 21&nbsp;March 1986 – 20&nbsp;March 1987 || 1398 || 21&nbsp;March 2019 – 19&nbsp;March 2020
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
| 13 || 1366*|| 21&nbsp;March 1987 – 20&nbsp;March 1988 || 1399* || 20&nbsp;March 2020 – 20&nbsp;March 2021
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 14 || 1367 || 21&nbsp;March 1988 – 20&nbsp;March 1989 || 1400 || 21&nbsp;March 2021 – 20&nbsp;March 2022
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 15 || 1368 || 21&nbsp;March 1989 – 20&nbsp;March 1990 || 1401 || 21&nbsp;March 2022 – 20&nbsp;March 2023
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 16 || 1369 || 21&nbsp;March 1990 – 20&nbsp;March 1991 || 1402 || 21&nbsp;March 2023 – 19&nbsp;March 2024
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
| 17 || 1370*|| 21&nbsp;March 1991 – 20&nbsp;March 1992 || 1403*|| 20&nbsp;March 2024 – 20&nbsp;March 2025
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 18 || 1371 || 21&nbsp;March 1992 – 20&nbsp;March 1993 || '''1404''' ||''' 21&nbsp;March 2025 – 20&nbsp;March 2026'''
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 19 || 1372 || 21&nbsp;March 1993 – 20&nbsp;March 1994 || 1405 || 21&nbsp;March 2026 – 20&nbsp;March 2027
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 20 || 1373 || 21&nbsp;March 1994 – 20&nbsp;March 1995 || 1406 || 21&nbsp;March 2027 – 19&nbsp;March 2028
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 21 || 1374 || 21&nbsp;March 1995 – 19&nbsp;March 1996 || 1407 || 20&nbsp;March 2028 – 19&nbsp;March 2029
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
| 22 || 1375*||20&nbsp;March 1996 – 20&nbsp;March 1997 || 1408*||20&nbsp;March 2029 – 20&nbsp;March 2030
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 23 || 1376 || 21&nbsp;March 1997 – 20&nbsp;March 1998 || 1409 || 21&nbsp;March 2030 – 20&nbsp;March 2031
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 24 || 1377 || 21&nbsp;March 1998 – 20&nbsp;March 1999 || 1410 || 21&nbsp;March 2031 – 19&nbsp;March 2032
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 25 || 1378 || 21&nbsp;March 1999 – 19&nbsp;March 2000 || 1411 || 20&nbsp;March 2032 – 19&nbsp;March 2033
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
| 26 || 1379*|| 20&nbsp;March 2000 – 20&nbsp;March 2001 || 1412*|| 20&nbsp;March 2033 – 20&nbsp;March 2034
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 27 || 1380 || 21&nbsp;March 2001 – 20&nbsp;March 2002 || 1413 || 21&nbsp;March 2034 – 20&nbsp;March 2035
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 28 || 1381 || 21&nbsp;March 2002 – 20&nbsp;March 2003 || 1414 || 21&nbsp;March 2035 – 19&nbsp;March 2036
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 29 || 1382 || 21&nbsp;March 2003 – 19&nbsp;March 2004 || 1415 || 20&nbsp;March 2036 – 19&nbsp;March 2037
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
| 30 || 1383*|| 20&nbsp;March 2004 – 20&nbsp;March 2005 || 1416*|| 20&nbsp;March 2037 – 20&nbsp;March 2038
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 31 || 1384 || 21&nbsp;March 2005 – 20&nbsp;March 2006 || 1417 || 21&nbsp;March 2038 – 20&nbsp;March 2039
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 32 || 1385 || 21&nbsp;March 2006 – 20&nbsp;March 2007 || 1418 || 21&nbsp;March 2039 – 19&nbsp;March 2040
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 33 || 1386 || 21&nbsp;March 2007 – 19&nbsp;March 2008 || 1419 || 20&nbsp;March 2040 – 19&nbsp;March 2041
|}