Editing Intersection (road) (section)

=== Turn signals ===
[[File:Right turn on red Belgrade, Serbia.JPG|thumb|"Right turn on red" traffic light in [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]]. Right turn only after pedestrians and traffic pass from left.]]
Traffic signals facing vehicles in turn lanes often have arrow-shaped indications. North America uses various indication patterns. Green arrows indicate protected turn phases, when vehicles may turn unhindered by oncoming traffic. Red arrows may be displayed to prohibit turns in that direction. Red arrows may be displayed along with a circular green indication to show that turns in the direction of the arrow are prohibited, but other movements are allowed. In some jurisdictions, a red arrow prohibits a [[right turn on red|turn on red]].<ref name="NYS DMV Driver's Manual&nbsp;— Chapter 4">[http://dmv.ny.gov/dmanual/chapter04-manual.htm#tra-sig New York State Driver's Manual] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030085729/http://dmv.ny.gov/dmanual/chapter04-manual.htm#tra-sig |date=2013-10-30 }}, Chapter 4.</ref> In Europe, if different lanes have differing phases, red, yellow and green traffic lights corresponding to each lane have blacked-out areas in the middle in the shape of arrows indicating the direction(s) drivers in that lane may travel in. This makes it easier for drivers to be aware which traffic light they need to pay attention to. A green arrow may also be provided; when it is on, drivers heading in the direction of the arrow may proceed, but must yield to all other vehicles. This is similar to the right turn on red in the US.<ref>[[Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals]]</ref>

Disadvantages to turn lanes include increased pavement area, with associated increases in construction and maintenance costs, as well as increased amounts of [[stormwater]] runoff. They also increase the distance over which pedestrians crossing the street are exposed to vehicle traffic. If a turn lane has a separate signal phase, it often increases the delay experienced by oncoming through traffic. Without a separate phase, left crossing traffic does not get the full safety benefit of the turn lane.