Editing Indian National Congress (section)

=== Shastri era (1964–1966) ===
{{see also|Premiership of Lal Bahadur Shastri}}[[File:Inauguration of MNREC Building Allahabad by Indian PM Shri Lal Bahadur Shashtri.JPG|thumb|Inauguration of MNREC Building Allahabad by [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]]]
As prime minister, Shastri retained most of members of Nehru's [[Council of Ministers of the Republic of India|Council of Ministers]]; [[T. T. Krishnamachari]] was retained as [[Finance Minister of India]], as was Defence Minister [[Yashwantrao Chavan]].<ref name="PradhanGodbole1999">{{cite book|author1=R. D. Pradhan|author2=Madhav Godbole|title=Debacle to Revival: Y. B. Chavan as Defence Minister, 1962–65|url={{Google books|9vDvpB_sqB0C|page=PA15|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|date=1 January 1999|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-1477-5|page=17}}</ref> Shastri appointed [[Swaran Singh]] to succeed him as [[External Affairs Minister]].<ref name="Affairs2008">{{cite book|author=Arvind Panagariya |title=India: The Emerging Giant: The Emerging Giant|url={{Google books|6eO1-yP7o4MC|page=PA27|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|date=1 February 2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-804299-0|page=27}}</ref> Shastri appointed [[Indira Gandhi]], Jawaharlal Nehru's daughter and former party president, [[Minister of Information and Broadcasting]].<ref name=ministry>{{cite web|title=History and Politics of India |url=https://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/Independent/Indira.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991112105947/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/Independent/Indira.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 November 1999|website=socialsciences.ucla.edu|publisher=UCLA Division of Social Sciences|access-date=23 June 2014}}</ref> Gulzarilal Nanda continued as the [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]].<ref name="home affairs">{{cite web|title=Biography of Gulzarilal Nanda |url=http://pmindia.gov.in/pm_gulzari.html |website=pmindia.gov.in|publisher=Prime Minister's Office |access-date=23 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828142039/http://pmindia.gov.in/pm_gulzari.html |archive-date=28 August 2012 }}</ref> As [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]], Shastri continued Nehru's policy of [[Non-aligned Movement|non-alignment]],<ref name="NarayanShastri2006">{{cite book|author1=Narayan Agrawal Narayan|author2=Lal Bahadur Shastri|author3=Vivek Misra|author4=Subha Ravi|title=Lal Bahadur Shastri, Churn of Conscience|url={{Google books|Lwoae1jbcc0C|page=PA100|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|year=2006|publisher=Eternal Gandhi|isbn=978-81-231-0193-4|page=88}}</ref> but built closer relations with the [[Soviet Union]]. In the aftermath of the [[Sino-Indian War]] of 1962, and the formation of military ties between China and Pakistan, Shastri's government expanded the defence budget of India's armed forces. He also promoted the White Revolution—a national campaign to increase the production and supply of milk by creating the [[National Dairy Development Board]].<ref name=Revolution>{{cite web|title=The White Revolution: A beginning|url=http://www.unicef.org/india/media_2643.htm|website=unicef.org|publisher=[[UNICEF]]|access-date=23 June 2014|archive-date=19 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085943/http://www.unicef.org/india/media_2643.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Madras anti-Hindi agitation of 1965 occurred during Shastri's tenure.<ref name="Dasgupta1970">{{cite book|author=Jyotirindra Dasgupta|title=Language Conflict and National Development: Group Politics and National Language Policy in India|url={{Google books|qGACL5YJRjEC|page=PA237|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|year=1970|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-01590-6|page=237}}</ref><ref name=conflict>{{cite journal|title=The Madras anti-Hindi agitation|journal=Pacific Affairs|volume=39|issue=1/2|pages=19–36|publisher=Digital library of academic journals|jstor=2755179|last1=Forrester|first1=Duncan B.|year=1966|doi=10.2307/2755179}}</ref>

Shastri became a national hero following victory in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]].<ref name=war>{{cite web|title=The Indo-Pakistan war of 1965|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/book/1965-indo-pakistan-war|website=indiannavy.nic.in|publisher=[[Indian Navy]]|access-date=23 June 2014}}</ref> His slogan, "[[Jai Jawan Jai Kisan]]" ("Hail the soldier, Hail the farmer"), became very popular during the war.<ref name=slogan>{{cite news|title=Life of Lal Bahadur Shastri|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/life-of-lal-bahadur-shastri-to-be-captured-on-celluloid-113032600267_1.html|access-date=23 June 2014|work=[[Business Standard]]|location=India|date=26 March 2013}}</ref> On 11 January 1966, a day after signing the [[Tashkent Declaration]], Shastri died in Tashkent, reportedly of a heart attack; but the circumstances of his death remain mysterious.<ref name=controversy>{{cite web|title=Controversial death of Shastri|url=http://www.wikileaks-forum.com/india/68/dead-silence-on-the-killers-and-contract-killers-of-lal-bahadur-shastri/8620/|website=wikileaks-forum.com|publisher=Wikileaks Forum|access-date=23 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501224743/http://www.wikileaks-forum.com/india/68/dead-silence-on-the-killers-and-contract-killers-of-lal-bahadur-shastri/8620/|archive-date=1 May 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="diminutive leader">{{cite web |title=Lal Bahadur Shastri's death in Tashkent |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/legacy/thereporters/soutikbiswas/2009/08/was_mr_shastri_murdered.html |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817235300/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/legacy/thereporters/soutikbiswas/2009/08/was_mr_shastri_murdered.html |archive-date=17 August 2014 |access-date=23 June 2014 |website=[[BBC]] |publisher=}}</ref><ref name=Shashtri>{{cite web|title=Lal Bahadur Shastri |url=https://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/Independent/Shastri.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000422080114/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/Independent/Shastri.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 April 2000|website=socialsciences.ucla.edu/|publisher=UCLA Division of Social Science|access-date=23 June 2014}}</ref> After Shastri's death, Congress elected [[Indira Gandhi]] as leader over [[Morarji Desai]]. Once again, [[K. Kamaraj]] was instrumental in achieving this result. The differences among the top leadership of the Congress regarding the future of the party during resulted in the formation of several breakaway parties such as [[Orissa Jana Congress]], [[Bangla Congress]], [[Utkal Congress]], and, [[Bharatiya Kranti Dal]].