Editing Hypoxia (medicine) (section)

=====Cerebral hypoxia=====
{{main|Cerebral hypoxia}}

Cerebral hypoxia is hypoxia specifically involving the brain. The four categories of cerebral hypoxia in order of increasing severity are: diffuse cerebral hypoxia (DCH), focal cerebral ischemia, [[cerebral infarction]], and global cerebral ischemia. Prolonged hypoxia induces [[neuron]]al cell death via [[apoptosis]], resulting in a hypoxic brain injury.<ref name="Malhotra et al 2001" /><ref name="Mattiesen 2009" />

[[Oxygen saturation in medicine|Oxygen deprivation]] can be hypoxic (reduced general oxygen availability) or ischemic (oxygen deprivation due to a disruption in blood flow) in origin. Brain injury as a result of oxygen deprivation is generally termed hypoxic injury. [[Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy]] (HIE) is a condition that occurs when the entire brain is deprived of an adequate oxygen supply, but the deprivation is not total. While HIE is associated in most cases with oxygen deprivation in the neonate due to [[Perinatal asphyxia|birth asphyxia]], it can occur in all age groups, and is often a complication of [[cardiac arrest]].<ref name="Robinson et al 2003" /><ref name="Geraghty and Torbey 2006" /><ref name="Busl and Greer 2010" />