Editing Hud (1963 film) (section)

==Release and reception==
''Hud'' was acclaimed during its premiere at the 24th [[Venice International Film Festival]].{{sfn|Miller, Gabriel|2000|p=60}} After its general release on May 29, 1963, the film grossed $10&nbsp;million at the domestic box office,{{sfn|The Numbers|2013}} earning $5&nbsp;million in [[Gross rental|theatrical rentals]].{{sfn|Variety staff|1966}} It was the [[1963 in film|19th-highest-grossing film of the year]]. ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' called ''Hud'' an "arresting{{mdash}}almost great{{mdash}}movie", describing Paul Newman's acting as "faultless".{{sfn|Brunzel, Peter|1963|p=45}} An ''Outlook'' reviewer wrote that the four main cast members acted "splendidly"; Newman "speaks at times with an unpleasant nasal twang, but is clearly suited to the part." They described Melvyn Douglas' performance as "impeccable", Brandon deWilde's as "[successful] in looking earnest unsure of himself" and praised Patricia Neal's expressiveness.{{sfn|Outlook Magazine Staff|p=25|1963}} ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' called the performances "splendid", and Howe's photography "brings the Texas Panhandle to dusty, sweaty life."{{sfn|p=10|Time staff|1963}} The ''[[New York Times]]'', in a favorable review, said Ritt's direction had "[a] powerfully realistic style" and called Ravetch and Frank's work "[an] excellent screenplay." The newspaper called Newman's acting "tremendous", Douglas' "magnificent", deWilde's "eloquent of clean, modern youth" and Patricia Neal's "brilliant." The review also praised James Wong Howe's "excellent" camera work and Elmer Bernstein's "poignant" score.{{sfn|Crowther, Bosley|1963}} ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' called ''Hud'' "a near miss"; its screenplay fails to "filter its meaning and theme lucidly through its characters and story", although it called the four leads' performances "excellent."{{sfn|Tube.|1963}}

Through the character of Hud, Ritt and Newman had intended to show the corruption of modern capitalism and the pitfalls of admiring an individual blindly, without observing his character.{{sfn|Wojcik, Pamela|p=17|2012}} Critics, however, did not universally echo this view. ''Life''{{'}}s review described Hud as "likable, smart, and [with] the potential to measure up to his tough, honorable father"{{sfn|Brunzel, Peter|1963|p=45}} and ''[[Saturday Review (U.S. magazine)|Saturday Review]]'' called him a  "charming, raffish monster".{{sfn|Saturday Review staff|1963|p=228}} According to ''Outlook'', "Hud Bannon is a mean, unscrupulous man who never has even a momentary twinge of conscience or change of heart"; in the end scene, Hud "[p]ulls down the shade on the world of goodness and decency".{{sfn|Outlook Magazine Staff|p=25|1963}} [[Pauline Kael]] initially described the film as an "anti-Western"; she called it an "anti-American film", which was "so astutely made and yet such a mess that it (was) redeemed by its fundamental dishonesty."{{sfn|Buhle, Paul|p=188-89|2005}}

[[File:Paul Newman and Melvyn Douglas Hud.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.97|alt=Younger man and older man, leaning on a barbed-wire fence and looking at each other|Originally planned as an antihero, self-centered Hud Bannon was liked by some viewers]]

The ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' critic John L. Scott felt that the film was "a bewildering, at times brilliant, bitter look at life in the raw". The reviewer described the relation between Hud and Homer and determined that "two hours of this type of conflict can prove distasteful" but he added that the "vivid performances of principals" and "some yeoman work" by Ritt "are definite credits, turning 'Hud' into an absorbing, if troubling, cinematic experience". Scott commented that in the film "Newman gives one of his finest portrayals". Meanwhile, he deemed Douglas's acting "a powerful, wrenching portrayal". He praised Neal's "bawdy humor" that "combines drabness and attractiveness in quite wonderful fashion." and called De Wilde "a good choice for the role". The reviewer celebrated Howe as "long one of the best, with fine photography".{{sfn|Scott, John L.|1963|p=PIV - 11}} ''[[The New York Daily News]]'' rated ''Hud'' four stars,  as the publication consider the movie "a rarity, a realistic film about real people, hard, stubborn cattlemen of Texas, a drama unsentimental and uncompromising in a strained relationship". The piece determined that Ritt "made a picture that has nothing wrong with it" and that it was "storytelling at its best". The performances of Newman, De Wilde, Douglas and Neal were welcomed as "uniform perfection" as the review further added that they "play these strong people as if they had lived them". The column concluded that ''Hud'' was "a western of a rare variety, modern and effectively dramatic."{{sfn|Hale, Wanda|1963|p=42}}

''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]'' wrote that calling the film "a western" would put it "a very specific story into a very general category". Reviewer Henry Murdock felt that ''Hud'' had "a highly individualistic, arresting approach of its own."{{sfn|Murdock, Henry T.|1963|p=D1}} The review expressed that it was "filled with good performances" and that Ritt "can make mood as important as action". Murdock hailed Newman and Douglas's performance as "superb as the antagonists", while he remarked De Wilde's "intuition to the role". However, the review focused on Neal's appearance that the review considered "of such courage and clarity , such understating of Hud's character" That Murdock "wanted to violate all the rules of critics' behaviour by applauding her terrific performance."{{sfn|Murdock, Henry T. 2|1963|p=D8}}  Meanwhile, the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' attributed the main character's behavior as "one of the reasons for this pictures' power, in addition to some superior performances, is that provides no easy answers." Newman's interpretation, that treated the role in a "smoldering, shattering fashion" was deemed "powerful". Douglas's appearance was  seen as "the perfect touch of a true professional", while De Wilde's offered "innocence and vulnerability without the slightest trace of mawkishness." The review finished crediting Ritt with "an uncompromising story with economical effectiveness."{{sfn|Tinee, Mae|1963|p=S2 - 20}}

''[[The Miami Herald]]'' praised the film, as the publication opined that Ritt produced "superb performances out of his first rate cast." Critic Jack Anderson hailed Ravetch and Frank's adaptation that offered "a well balanced script" and "skillfully managed inter-relationship of its characters." Meanwhile, he described Howe's capture of the Texas Panhandle as "spell-binding effectiveness". While Anderson felt that the story was "a depressing one", he opined that it was "so well told and acted that it transcends its emotional murkiness to make it completely fascinating to watch."{{sfn|Anderson, Jack|1963|p=12-C}} ''[[The Kansas City Star]]'' favored Newman's "enormous range and depth". The reviewer felt that ''Hud'' was "much like life" as in the end "Nothing is settled, no real victories are won and none of the principals undergoes a major change in character or personality". For the reviewer, Neal showed "wit and allure" and De Wilde appeared "callow, yet wise; eager, yet restrained". The publication attributed its positive reception to Ravetch and Frank's screenplay, as well as to Ritt's interpretation of the material. It described Ritt's direction as "building tension and then changing step quickly as the fury mounts". For the reviewer, ''Hud'' was "enhanced  considerably by the use of black and white film" , while he added that the characters were "so vital" that "color photography might have overstated the general tone".{{sfn|Harwi, Robert|1963|p=1-E}}

Although Hud was conceived as an outwardly charming, but morally repugnant character, audiences, especially young people, found him likable, even admirable.{{sfn|Borden, Marian Edelman|p=41|2010}} Paul Newman said, "We thought [the] last thing people would do was accept Hud as a heroic character&nbsp;... His amorality just went over [the audience's] head; all they saw was this Western, heroic individual". Martin Ritt later attributed audience interpretation of the character to the [[counterculture of the 1960s]] which "changed the values" of the young audiences who saw Hud as a hero.{{sfn|Quirk, Lawrence|p=122|2009}}

[[Mad (magazine)|MAD Magazine]] satirized the film as ''Hood'' in its December 1963 issue.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.madcoversite.com/mad083-45.html | title=Doug Gilford's Mad Cover Site - MAD #83 - Hood! (The "Sick" Western Movie) }}</ref>

In 2018, the film was selected for preservation in the United States [[National Film Registry]] by the [[Library of Congress]] as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/prn-18-144/library-of-congress-national-film-registry-turns-30/2018-12-12/|title=Library of Congress National Film Registry Turns 30|website=Library of Congress|access-date=2018-12-13|archive-date=December 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214213958/https://www.loc.gov/item/prn-18-144/library-of-congress-national-film-registry-turns-30/2018-12-12/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=2020-10-30|website=Library of Congress|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305191832/https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Later evaluation in film guides===
''[[Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide]]'' gave ''Hud'' four stars out of four. Maltin called the film "An excellent story of moral degradation, with impeccable performances by all".{{sfn|Maltin, Leonard|2014|p=321}} [[Steven H. Scheuer]]'s ''Movies on TV'' also gave the film four stars out of four; Scheuer called it "a must for movie-drama fans", and said the cast was "superb".{{sfn|Scheuer, Steven H.|p=373|1989}} In ''Film and Video Guide'' [[Leslie Halliwell]] gave ''Hud'' four stars out of four, calling it "unique".{{sfn|Halliwell, Leslie|1996|p=554}} ''[[Allmovie]]'' gave ''Hud'' five stars out of five, calling the film "a warning shot for the Sixties" and saying that its "generational conflict would prove prescient". It praised Howe's cinematography, which gave the film "an authentic Western feel".{{sfn|Jardine, Dan|2008}}

===Awards and nominations===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
! Award
! Category
! Nominee(s)
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| rowspan="7"| [[36th Academy Awards|Academy Awards]]
| [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| [[Martin Ritt]]
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|Oscars staff|2021}}
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
| [[Paul Newman]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| [[Patricia Neal]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| [[Melvyn Douglas]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay|Best Screenplay – Based on Material from Another Medium]]
| [[Irving Ravetch]] and [[Harriet Frank Jr.]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Production Design|Best Art Direction – Black-and-White]]
| Art Direction: [[Hal Pereira]] and [[Tambi Larsen]]; <br> Set Decoration: [[Samuel M. Comer]] and [[Robert R. Benton]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography – Black-and-White]]
| [[James Wong Howe]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[American Cinema Editors|American Cinema Editors Awards]]
| [[American Cinema Editors Award for Best Edited Feature Film – Dramatic|Best Edited Feature Film]]
| [[Frank Bracht]]
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|Citizen-News staff|1964|p=A-9}}
|-
| rowspan="3"| [[17th British Academy Film Awards|British Academy Film Awards]]
| colspan="2"| [[BAFTA Award for Best Film|Best Film from any Source]]
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|BAFTA staff|2021}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role|Best Foreign Actor]]
| Paul Newman
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role|Best Foreign Actress]]
| Patricia Neal
| {{won}}
|-
| [[16th Directors Guild of America Awards|Directors Guild of America Awards]]
| [[Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film|Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures]]
| Martin Ritt
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|DGA Awards staff|2021}}
|-
| rowspan="5"| [[21st Golden Globe Awards|Golden Globe Awards]]
| colspan="2"| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama|Best Motion Picture – Drama]]
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|Golden Globes staff|2021}}
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama|Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama]]
| Paul Newman
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture|Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture]]
| Melvyn Douglas
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture|Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture]]
| Patricia Neal
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Director|Best Director – Motion Picture]]
| Martin Ritt
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="4"| [[Laurel Awards]]
| colspan="2"| Top Drama
| {{won}}
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|Smith, Cecil|1964|p=1 - Part II}}
|-
| Top Male Dramatic Performance
| Paul Newman
| {{won}}
|-
| Top Female Dramatic Performance
| Patricia Neal
| {{won}}
|-
| Top Male Supporting Performance
| Melvyn Douglas
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="3"| [[National Board of Review Awards 1963|National Board of Review Awards]]
| colspan="2"| [[National Board of Review: Top Ten Films|Top Ten Films]]
| {{draw|4th Place}}
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|NBR Awards staff|2007}}
|-
| [[National Board of Review Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| Patricia Neal
| {{won}}
|-
| [[National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| Melvyn Douglas
| {{won}}
|-
| [[National Film Preservation Board]]
| colspan="2"| [[National Film Registry]]
| {{won|Inducted}}
| style="text-align:center;"| 
|-
| rowspan="5"| [[1963 New York Film Critics Circle Awards|New York Film Critics Circle Awards]]
| colspan="2"| [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 
|-
| [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| Martin Ritt
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
| Paul Newman
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| Patricia Neal
| {{won}}
|-
| [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]]
| Irving Ravetch and Harriet Frank Jr.
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[24th Venice International Film Festival|Venice International Film Festival]]
| [[Golden Lion]]
| rowspan="2"| Martin Ritt
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 
|-
| OCIC Award
| {{won}}
|-
| [[16th Writers Guild of America Awards|Writers Guild of America Awards]]
| [[Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written Drama|Best Written American Drama]]
| Harriet Frank Jr. and Irving Ravetch
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{sfn|Hoffmann, Henryk|p=88|2012}}
|}