Editing Hubble Space Telescope (section)

=== Computer systems and data processing ===
[[File:DF-224.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|right|DF-224 in Hubble, before it was replaced in 1999]]

The two initial, primary computers on the HST were the 1.25 [[Hertz|MHz]] [[DF-224]] system, built by Rockwell Autonetics, which contained three redundant CPUs, and two redundant [[NSSC-1]] (NASA Standard Spacecraft Computer, Model 1) systems, developed by [[Westinghouse Electric Corporation|Westinghouse]] and GSFC using [[diode–transistor logic]] (DTL). A co-processor for the DF-224 was added during Servicing Mission 1 in 1993, which consisted of two redundant strings of an Intel-based 80386 processor with an 80387 math co-processor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/hubble/a_pdf/news/facts/CoProcessor.pdf|title=Co-Processor|series=NASA Facts|publisher=NASA|date=June 1993|id=NF-193|access-date=May 16, 2016|archive-date=July 23, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723055334/http://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/hubble/a_pdf/news/facts/CoProcessor.pdf|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The DF-224 and its 386 co-processor were replaced by a 25&nbsp;MHz Intel-based 80486 processor system during [[#Servicing Mission 3A|Servicing Mission 3A]] in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/hubble/a_pdf/news/facts/FS09.pdf|title=Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 3A: New Advanced Computer|series=NASA Facts|publisher=NASA|date=1999|id=FS-1999-06-009-GSFC|access-date=May 16, 2016|archive-date=May 9, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509132748/http://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/hubble/a_pdf/news/facts/FS09.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The new computer is 20 times faster, with six times more memory, than the [[DF-224]] it replaced. It increases throughput by moving some computing tasks from the ground to the spacecraft and saves money by allowing the use of modern programming languages.<ref>{{cite tech report|url=https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/hubble/a_pdf/news/SM3A-MediaGuide.pdf|title=Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 3A Media Reference Guide|publisher=NASA|author=Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space|access-date=April 7, 2022|pages=5–9 and Section 7.1.1|archive-date=November 25, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125161422/http://hubble.nasa.gov/a_pdf/news/SM3A-MediaGuide.pdf|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

Additionally, some of the science instruments and components had their own embedded microprocessor-based control systems. The MATs (Multiple Access Transponder) components, MAT-1 and MAT-2, use Hughes Aircraft CDP1802CD microprocessors.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20160005759.pdf|title=How Long Can the Hubble Space Telescope Operate Reliably? A Total Dose Perspective|journal=IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science|first1=M. A.|last1=Xapsos|first2=C.|last2=Stauffer|first3=T.|last3=Jordan|first4=C.|last4=Poivey|first5=D. N.|last5=Haskins|first6=G.|last6=Lum|first7=A. M.|last7=Pergosky|first8=D. C.|last8=Smith|first9=K. A.|last9=LaBel|volume=61|issue=6|pages=3356–3362|date=December 2014|bibcode=2014ITNS...61.3356X|doi=10.1109/TNS.2014.2360827|hdl=2060/20160005759|s2cid=1792941|hdl-access=free|access-date=July 7, 2017|archive-date=February 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227173247/https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20160005759.pdf|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The [[Wide Field and Planetary Camera]] (WFPC) also used an [[RCA 1802|RCA 1802 microprocessor]] (or possibly the older 1801 version).<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/35164/1/93-0731.pdf|title=Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field/Planetary Camera|magazine=Shutterbug|first=A.|last=Afshari|date=January 1993|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006205644/http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/35164/1/93-0731.pdf|archive-date=October 6, 2016}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The WFPC-1 was replaced by the [[Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2|WFPC-2]] during Servicing Mission 1 in 1993, which was then replaced by the [[Wide Field Camera 3]] (WFC3) during Servicing Mission 4 in 2009. The upgrade extended Hubble's capability of seeing deeper into the universe and providing images in three broad regions of the spectrum.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The 'Camera That Saved Hubble'|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/the-camera-that-saved-hubble|access-date=November 27, 2021|website=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)|archive-date=November 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127133956/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/the-camera-that-saved-hubble|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Garner|first=Rob|date=August 22, 2016|title=Hubble Space Telescope – Wide Field Camera 3|url=http://www.nasa.gov/content/hubble-space-telescope-wide-field-camera-3|access-date=November 27, 2021|website=NASA|archive-date=November 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113213252/https://www.nasa.gov/content/hubble-space-telescope-wide-field-camera-3/|url-status=live}}</ref>