Editing Hasselblad (section)

== In space ==
[[File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg|thumb|''[[The Blue Marble]]'' taken with a 70-millimeter Hasselblad camera using an 80-millimeter Zeiss lens<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11-hass.html|title=Apollo-11 Hasselblad Cameras}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | publisher = NASA Mapping Sciences Branch | title = Apollo 17 Index: 70 mm, 35 mm, and 16 mm Photographs | date = May 1974 | pages = 88 | url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a17/a17.photidx.pdf }}</ref>]]
[[File:Hasselblad 500 EL-M camera with motor drive used in the Apollo space program.jpg|right|thumb|Hasselblad 500 EL/M "20 years in space" anniversary edition with 70 mm back, similar to the ones used in the [[Apollo Program]]]]

Several different models of Hasselblad cameras were taken into space, all specially modified for the task.<ref>Hasselblad 2007.</ref>

The Hasselblad cameras were selected by NASA because of their interchangeable lenses and magazines. Modifications were made to permit ease of use in cramped conditions while wearing spacesuits, such as the replacement of the reflex mirror with an eye-level finder.

Modifications by NASA technicians were further refined and incorporated into new models by Hasselblad. For example, development of a 70&nbsp;mm magazine was accelerated to meet the space program.

The first modified (in fact simplified) Hasselblad 500 C cameras were used on the last two [[Project Mercury]] missions in 1962 and 1963. They continued to be used throughout the [[Project Gemini|Gemini]] spaceflights in 1965 and 1966.

=== Apollo program ===

A general program of reliability and safety was implemented following the [[Apollo 1]] fire in 1967, addressing such issues as reliability and safe operation of electrical equipment in a high-oxygen environment.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Photography Equipment and Techniques: A Survey of NASA Developments|journal=Apollo Lunar Surface Journal|date=2001-02-01|first=Albert J|last=Derr|volume=NASA SP-5099|url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/apollo.photechnqs.htm|format=PDF|access-date=2007-10-06 }}</ref>

EL electric cameras were used for the first time on [[Apollo 8]]. A heavily modified 500 EL, the so-called Hasselblad Electric Camera (HEC) was used from Apollo 8 on board the spacecraft. Three 500 EL cameras were carried on [[Apollo 11]]. An even more extensively modified Hasselblad EL data camera (HDC), equipped with a special Zeiss 5.6/60&nbsp;mm Biogon lens and film magazines for 150–200 exposures, was used on the Moon surface on the Apollo 11 mission. This command module camera, carried on Apollo 11, was a simplified version of the commercial Hasselblad 500 EL motorized film advance camera. Used for color still photography, it could operate in the command module or in the vacuum of space.<ref name="Hasselblad-Apollo 11">{{cite web |title=Camera, Hasselblad, 70mm, Apollo 11 |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/camera-hasselblad-70mm-apollo-11 |website=airandspace.si.edu |publisher=[[National Air and Space Museum]] |access-date=3 September 2019 |archive-date=25 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725161023/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/camera-hasselblad-70mm-apollo-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

All subsequent NASA missions also had Hasselblad cameras on board. The photographic equipment and films used on the five subsequent flights were similar to that taken on Apollo 11. On [[Apollo 15]], the 500&nbsp;mm telelens was added. During the Space Shuttle period cameras based on the 500 EL/M, 553 ELX, 205 TCC and 203 FE were used.<ref>Nordin 1997</ref><ref name='NASA 2004'>{{cite web|url=https://history.nasa.gov/apollo_photo.html |title=NASA History Division: Still Photography during Apollo |access-date=2007-10-06 |last=Kitmacher |first=Gary H |date=2004-08-03 |publisher=NASA }}</ref>

There are 11 Hasselblad cameras currently sitting on the lunar surface, where only the film magazines were brought back to Earth.<ref name="Hassie on Moon">{{cite book|last=Karlsten|first=Evald|title=Hasselblad: dedicated to Victor Hasselblad|year=1981|publisher=Gullers international|page=91|quote=Astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt left behind on the moon two Hasselblad Data Cameras with Zeiss Biogon lenses ... These cameras joined 10 other Hasselblad's on the moon, left by earlier missions.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tBshAQAAIAAJ&q=hasselblad+left+on+moon|isbn=9789185228614}}</ref><ref name="digitalrev">{{cite web|url=https://www.digitalrev.com/article/the-cameras-that-recorded-the-moon-landing|title=The Cameras That Recorded The Moon Landing|date=July 21, 2016|website=digitalrev}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://petapixel.com/2011/06/15/there-are-12-hasselblad-cameras-on-the-surface-of-the-moon/|title=There are 12 Hasselblad Cameras on the Surface of the Moon|website=PetaPixel|date=June 15, 2011}}</ref>