Editing Haematoxylin (section)

==Use as a textile dye==
Haematoxylin was first used as a dye by the [[Mayans]] and [[Aztecs]] in [[Central America]] where logwood trees grow natively.<ref name="Ortiz-Hidalgo and Pina-Oviedo, 2019" /><ref name="Ponting, 1973" /> The dye was first introduced to [[Europe]] by the [[Spain|Spanish]], and soon after was widely adopted.<ref name="Ponting, 1973" /><ref name="Ortiz-Hidalgo and Pina-Oviedo, 2019" /> Haematoxylin was used to produce blacks, blues and purples on various textiles, and remained an important industrial dye until the introduction of suitable replacements in the form of [[synthetic dyes]].<ref name="Ponting, 1973" /> As a blue dye (with alum as a mordant), the initial results were not as [[lightfast]] as those produced using [[indigo dye|indigo]].<ref name="Titford, 2005" /><ref name="Ponting, 1973" /> In reaction to this perceived inferiority of the quality of the blue colour produced with haematoxylin, its use to dye fabric was barred in England from 1581 to 1662.<ref name="Ortiz-Hidalgo and Pina-Oviedo, 2019" /><ref name="Ponting, 1973" /> After the introduction of synthetic black dyes in the late 19th century, haematoxylin was first replaced as a dye for cotton.<ref name="Ponting, 1973" /> A 1902 German treatise on the dyeing textiles notes "...logwood in the black dyeing of cotton has suffered considerably from the competition of aniline black".<ref name="Georgievics, 1902" /> Haematoxylin remained important as a black dye (using [[copperas]] or chrome as a mordant) for wool until the 1920s when a black synthetic dye compatible with wool became available.<ref name="Ponting, 1973" /> Contemporary usage of haematoxylin includes the dyeing of silk, leather, and [[Surgical suture|suture]]s.<ref name="Titford, 2005" />