Editing Guernsey (section)

==Geography==
[[File:GuernseySarkAndOthers2021OSM.png|thumb|Detailed map of Guernsey and nearby islands]]
Situated in [[Mont-Saint-Michel Bay|Mont Saint-Michel Bay]] at around {{coord|49|35|N|2|20|W}}, Guernsey, Herm and some other smaller islands together have a total area of {{convert|71|km²|sqmi}} and coastlines of about {{convert|46|km|mi}}. Elevation varies from sea level to {{convert|110|m|ft|abbr=on}} at Hautnez on Guernsey.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guernsey topographic map, elevation, terrain |url=https://en-zw.topographic-map.com/map-c3jfcz/Guernsey/ |access-date=5 November 2022 |website=Topographic maps |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105130942/https://en-zw.topographic-map.com/map-c3jfcz/Guernsey/?center=48.21735%2C-1.01212 |archive-date= 5 November 2022 }}</ref>
[[File:Guernsey from the air - geograph.ci - 371.jpg|thumb|left|Guernsey from the air]]
There are many smaller [[List of islands of the Bailiwick of Guernsey|islands, islets, rocks and reefs]] in Guernsey waters. Combined with a tidal range of {{convert|10|m|abbr=off}} and fast currents of up to 12 [[Knot (unit)|knots]], this makes sailing in local waters dangerous. The very large tidal variation provides an environmentally rich inter-tidal zone around the islands, and some sites have received [[Ramsar Convention]] designation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nature Reserves |url=https://www.gov.gg/nature |access-date=2 June 2017 |website=States of Guernsey |date=May 2016 |language=en}}</ref>

The tidal flows in the area are remarkable, owing to the flatness of the ground for nearly 32&nbsp;km (20&nbsp;mi) westward. Guernsey is the westernmost of the [[Channel Islands]], and the jurisdiction is at the greatest distance from the coast of Normandy than any of the other islands.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Berry |first=William |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aL4_AAAAcAAJ&q=Guernsey&pg=PA139 |title=The History of the Island of Guernsey |date=1815 |language=en}}</ref>

===Climate===
Guernsey's climate is temperate, with mild winters and mild, sunny summers. It is classified as an [[oceanic climate]], with a dry-summer trend, although marginally wetter than [[mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]] summers. The warmest months are July and August, when temperatures are generally around {{convert|20|C}}, with some days occasionally going above {{convert|24|C}}. On average, the coldest month is February, with an average air temperature of {{convert|6.9|C|1}}. Average air temperature reaches {{convert|17.1|C|1}} in August. Snow rarely falls, and is unlikely to settle, but is most likely to fall in February. The temperature rarely drops below freezing, although strong wind-chill from Arctic winds can sometimes make it feel like it. The rainiest months are December (average {{convert|119|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}), November (average {{convert|107|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}) and January (average {{convert|92|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}). July is, on average, the sunniest month, with 253 hours recorded sunshine; December the least, with 58 hours recorded sunshine.

Sea temperatures have been rising, and now vary between {{convert|8|C}} in February to {{convert|20|C}} in August.<ref>{{cite web |title=Annual average weather for Guernsey, Channel Islands |url=https://beach-weather.com/Western-Europe/Channel-Islands/Guernsey/averages/ |access-date=1 November 2023}}</ref> Average wind speeds vary between {{convert|20|kph}} and {{convert|40|kph}}, with gusts over {{convert|60|kph}} every four to five years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guernsey, United Kingdom Weather Averages |url=https://www.worldweatheronline.com/guernsey-weather-averages/gb.aspx |access-date=1 November 2023}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = Guernsey (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1947–present)
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 13.3
| Feb record high C = 16.1
| Mar record high C = 19.6
| Apr record high C = 24.5
| May record high C = 25.9
| Jun record high C = 30.8
| Jul record high C = 34.2
| Aug record high C = 34.3
| Sep record high C = 30.6
| Oct record high C = 24.3
| Nov record high C = 18.0
| Dec record high C = 15.6
| year record high C = 
| Jan high C = 9.0
| Feb high C = 8.8
| Mar high C = 10.2
| Apr high C = 12.4
| May high C = 15.1
| Jun high C = 17.7
| Jul high C = 19.6
| Aug high C = 19.9
| Sep high C = 18.2
| Oct high C = 15.3
| Nov high C = 12.1
| Dec high C = 9.9
| year high C = 
| Jan mean C = 7.2
| Feb mean C = 6.9
| Mar mean C = 8.0
| Apr mean C = 9.7
| May mean C = 12.3
| Jun mean C = 14.8
| Jul mean C = 16.7
| Aug mean C = 17.1
| Sep mean C = 15.7
| Oct mean C = 13.2
| Nov mean C = 10.3
| Dec mean C = 8.1
| year mean C = 
| Jan low C = 5.4
| Feb low C = 4.9
| Mar low C = 5.8
| Apr low C = 7.0
| May low C = 9.4
| Jun low C = 11.8
| Jul low C = 13.8
| Aug low C = 14.2
| Sep low C = 13.1
| Oct low C = 11.1
| Nov low C = 8.4
| Dec low C = 6.3
| year low C = 
| Jan record low C = -7.8
| Feb record low C = -7.2
| Mar record low C = -2.2
| Apr record low C = -1.4
| May record low C = 0.1
| Jun record low C = 5.4
| Jul record low C = 8.3
| Aug record low C = 9.2
| Sep record low C = 5.8
| Oct record low C = 3.5
| Nov record low C = -0.8
| Dec record low C = -3.8
| year record low C = 
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 92.0
| Feb rain mm = 75.8
| Mar rain mm = 63.3
| Apr rain mm = 54.0
| May rain mm = 49.0
| Jun rain mm = 47.9
| Jul rain mm = 43.2
| Aug rain mm = 56.6
| Sep rain mm = 55.2
| Oct rain mm = 97.9
| Nov rain mm = 106.7
| Dec rain mm = 119.3
| year rain mm = 
| unit rain days = 0.2 mm
| Jan rain days = 19.1
| Feb rain days = 16.5
| Mar rain days = 14.8
| Apr rain days = 12.9
| May rain days = 11.3
| Jun rain days = 10.8
| Jul rain days = 10.8
| Aug rain days = 11.6
| Sep rain days = 11.9
| Oct rain days = 17.8
| Nov rain days = 19.5
| Dec rain days = 19.5
| year rain days = 
| Jan snow days = 2.0
| Feb snow days = 3.0
| Mar snow days = 1.4
| Apr snow days = 0.4
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.0
| Nov snow days = 0.4
| Dec snow days = 1.3
| year snow days = 
| Jan sun = 62.6
| Feb sun = 87.0
| Mar sun = 135.3
| Apr sun = 200.7
| May sun = 238.9
| Jun sun = 245.9
| Jul sun = 253.3
| Aug sun = 226.8
| Sep sun = 183.9
| Oct sun = 120.1
| Nov sun = 76.8
| Dec sun = 58.3
| year sun = 
| Jan percentsun = 23.2
| Feb percentsun = 29.5
| Mar percentsun = 36.8
| Apr percentsun = 49.1
| May percentsun = 50.5
| Jun percentsun = 51.1
| Jul percentsun = 52.3
| Aug percentsun = 51.2
| Sep percentsun = 48.8
| Oct percentsun = 36.2
| Nov percentsun = 28.3
| Dec percentsun = 22.9
| year percentsun = 42.4
|source 1 = Guernsey Met Office<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.metoffice.gov.gg/AnnualReports/2021%20Annual%20Report.pdf
| title = 2021 Annual Weather Report
| publisher = Guernsey Meteorological Office
| accessdate = 4 January 2023
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.metoffice.gov.gg/record.html
| title = Weather Records
| publisher = Guernsey Meteorological Office
| accessdate = 4 January 2023
}}</ref>
}}

====Carbon====
Guernsey plans to reach [[carbon neutrality]] by 2050, according to the Climate Change Policy & Action Plan adopted in August 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 August 2020 |title=States agree plans to combat climate change |publisher=Bailiwick Express |url=https://gsy.bailiwickexpress.com/gsy/news/climate-change1/#.X7-C4i-l2fU}}</ref>

===Geology===
{{main|Geology of Guernsey}}
[[File:Guernsey.jpg|thumb|Guernsey cliffs]]
Guernsey has a geological history stretching further back into the past than most of Europe. It forms part of the geological province of France known as the [[Armorican Massif]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Renouf |first=John |date=May 1985 |title=Geological excursion guide 1: Jersey and Guernsey, Channel Islands |journal=Geology Today |volume=1 |issue=3 |page=90 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2451.1985.tb00293.x|bibcode=1985GeolT...1...90R }}</ref> There is a broad geological division between the north and south of the island. The Southern Metamorphic Complex is elevated above the geologically younger, lower-lying Northern Igneous Complex. Guernsey has experienced a complex geological evolution (especially the rocks of the southern complex) with multiple phases of [[Intrusive rock|intrusion]] and [[Fold (geology)|deformation]] recognisable.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}

Guernsey is composed of nine main rock types; two of these are [[granite]]s and the rest [[gneiss]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geology and Geography |url=http://www.societe.org.gg/sections/geology.php |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=La Société Guernesiaise |archive-date=8 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908003214/http://www.societe.org.gg/sections/geology.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>