Editing Groningen (province) (section)

== Economy ==
[[File:Building University Medical Centre Groningen UMCG.png|thumb|The [[University Medical Center Groningen|University Medical Center]] is a major employer in Groningen]]
[[File:120815 Haven Delfzijl Gn NL.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Sea port of [[Delfzijl]] in 2012]]

The city of Groningen is the economic center of the province.<ref name="economy">{{in lang|nl}} [http://economie.groningen.nl/themas/cijfers/algemeen Algemeen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401032733/http://economie.groningen.nl/themas/cijfers/algemeen |date=1 April 2019 }}, Economie.groningen.nl. Retrieved on 8 April 2014.</ref> In the 14th century, the city became a member of the [[Hanseatic League]].<ref name="hanseaticleague"/> Currently some of the city's major employers<ref name="economy"/> are [[University Medical Center Groningen]] with 12,141 employees,<ref>[http://www.umcg.nl/EN/corporate/The_University_Medical_Center/Organisation/factsAndFigures/Pages/factsAndFigures.aspx Facts and figures] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206093014/http://www.umcg.nl/EN/corporate/The_University_Medical_Center/Organisation/factsAndFigures/Pages/factsAndFigures.aspx |date=6 February 2017 }}, [[University Medical Center Groningen]], 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref> [[University of Groningen]] with 5,591 employees,<ref>[http://www.rug.nl/about-us/where-do-we-stand/facts-and-figures/ Key figures], [[University of Groningen]], 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref> [[Groningen|Municipality of Groningen]] with 3,063 employees,<ref>[http://www.os-groningen.nl/images/stories/rapport/Thema15_concern_burgercontacten.pdf Concern en burgercontacten] (in Dutch), [[Groningen|Municipality of Groningen]]. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref> [[Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (Netherlands)|Education Implementation Service]] (DUO) with 2,000 employees,<ref>"[http://www.rtvnoord.nl/artikel/artikel.asp?p=99357 Slechts 10 deelenemers aan cursus hoogtevrees DUO] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408212927/http://www.rtvnoord.nl/artikel/artikel.asp?p=99357 |date=8 April 2014 }}" (in Dutch), ''[[RTV Noord]]'', 2011. Retrieved on 8 April 2014.</ref> and [[Gasunie]] with 1,748 employees.<ref>[https://report2015.gasunie.nl/en/about-us/key-figures About us]{{Dead link|date=December 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [[Gasunie]]. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref>

The other economically important area is the [[Ems (river)|Ems]] [[River delta|delta]] with the sea ports of [[Delfzijl]] and [[Eemshaven]].<ref name="economy"/><ref name="seaports">[http://www.groningen-seaports.com/DeHavens/tabid/2115/language/en-US/Default.aspx The ports], Groningen Seaports. Retrieved on 27 January 2014.</ref> In 2015, a total of 11,589 cargo vessels arrived at the two Groningen Seaports combined, 7,111 sea vessels and 4,478 inland vessels. The ports had a cargo throughput of 11,309,000 tonnes.<ref>[http://www.groningen-seaports.com/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=AOKNcBtNPm0%3d&tabid=2158&language=nl-NL Facts & Figures 2015], Groningen Seaports. Retrieved 28 January 2017.</ref> The chemical industry near Delfzijl is located at the Chemie Park in [[Farmsum]], with factories of [[AkzoNobel]], [[Lubrizol]], and [[Teijin Aramid]].<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.chemieparkdelfzijl.nl/nl/over-chemie-park Over Chemie Park], Chemie Park Delfzijl. Retrieved on 8 April 2014.</ref> Both [[GDF Suez]]<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.gdfsuez.nl/activiteiten/onze-centrales/eemscentrale.aspx Eemscentrale], [[GDF Suez]]. Retrieved on 8 April 2014.</ref> and [[Vattenfall]]<ref>[https://www.vattenfall.nl/ Vattenfall] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527171214/https://www.vattenfall.nl/ |date=27 May 2020 }}, [[Vattenfall]]. Retrieved on 25 May 2020.</ref> have a natural [[gas-fired power plant]] in Eemshaven, and [[Essent]]<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.essent.nl/content/overessent/het_bedrijf/opwekking/centrale_eemshaven/index.html Eemshavencentrale] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504050242/http://www.essent.nl/content/overessent/het_bedrijf/opwekking/centrale_eemshaven/index.html |date=4 May 2014 }}, [[Essent]]. Retrieved on 16 April 2014.</ref> is building a coal-fired power plant there.

The [[Gross domestic product]] (GDP) of the province was 25 billion € in 2018, accounting for 3.2% of the Netherlands economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 37,300 € or 124% of the EU27 average in the same year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/10474907/1-05032020-AP-EN.pdf/81807e19-e4c8-2e53-c98a-933f5bf30f58|title=Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018|website=Eurostat}}</ref>

In 1959, the [[Groningen gas field]] near [[Slochteren]] was discovered,<ref>Jane Whaley, "[http://www.geoexpro.com/article/The_Groningen_Gas_Field/bf349ab1.aspx The Groningen Gas Field] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019172237/http://www.geoexpro.com/article/The_Groningen_Gas_Field/bf349ab1.aspx |date=19 October 2013 }}", ''GEO ExPro Magazine'', 2009. Retrieved on 27 January 2014.</ref> and the [[Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij BV|NAM]] started to exploit the field in 1963.<ref name="earthquakes"/> This caused [[Dutch disease]] and [[List of earthquakes in the Netherlands#Induced earthqakes|induced earthquakes]].

In 2013, Groningen had a [[labor force]] of 268,000 people and [[unemployment rate]] of 9.6%, which is the second highest unemployment for a province in the Netherlands.<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?VW=T&DM=SLNL&PA=71761ned&D1=1-3,7&D2=0,5-16&D3=l&HD=140326-1757&HDR=T&STB=G2,G1 Beroepsbevolking; kerncijfers provincie], [[Statistics Netherlands]], 2014. Retrieved on 26 March 2014.</ref>