Editing Gloucester (section)

===Coat of arms===
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| image1            = Coat of arms of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford.png
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| image2            = Arms displayed by Walter de Gray, Bishop of Worcester, at the signing of Magna Charta.png
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| image3            = Coat of arms of the City of Gloucester.png
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| footer            = Left: the arms of the [[de Clare|Clare family]]; centre: the arms of the [[Bishop of Worcester]]; right: the arms of the city of Gloucester
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Gloucester is one of the few cities in England with two coats of arms. The first consists of three chevrons surrounded by ten roundels. The chevrons come from the arms of the [[de Clare|Clare family]], who were earls of Gloucester from the 12th to the 14th centuries, while the roundels come from the arms of the [[Bishop of Worcester]], whose bishopric historically encompassed Gloucester. This coat is the older of the two, though it is usually termed the "Commonwealth coat", as it was not officially granted to the city until 1652, during the [[Commonwealth of England|Commonwealth]] period. The crest and supporters (lions bearing broadswords and trowels) were also adopted at this time, along with the motto ''Fides Invicta Triumphat'' ("unconquered faith triumphs", in reference to the royalist siege withstood by the city in 1643).

The second coat, termed the "Tudor coat", was granted in 1538. It features the roses of York and Lancaster, the boar's head of Richard&nbsp;III, a ceremonial sword and cap, and two horseshoes surrounded by nails, to represent Gloucester's historical association with ironworking.

Although grants made by Commonwealth [[herald of arms|heralds]] were nullified after the [[Restoration (1660)|Restoration]], the Commonwealth coat continued to be used by the city rather than the Tudor coat. The Commonwealth coat, along with the crest and supporters, was legally granted to the city by letters patent dated 16 April 1945. This was reconfirmed in 1974 following the local government changes of that year.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gloucester City Council |publisher=Civic Heraldry of England and Wales |url=http://civicheraldry.co.uk/severn_valley_marches.html#gloucester%20city |access-date=22 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190610/http://www.civicheraldry.co.uk/severn_valley_marches.html#gloucester%20city |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=A History of the County of Gloucester |publisher=Victoria County History |location=London |editor-first=N. M. |editor-last=Herbert |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol4/pp368-371 |access-date=22 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401183203/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol4/pp368-371 |archive-date=1 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>