Editing Galactose (section)

== History ==

In 1855, E. O. Erdmann noted that hydrolysis of lactose produced a substance besides glucose.<ref>{{cite thesis | first = Eduard Otto | last = Erdmann | name-list-style = vanc | date = 1855 | title = Dissertatio de saccharo lactico et amylaceo | trans-title = Dissertation on milk sugar and starch | language = la | publisher = University of Berlin }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der reinen, pharmaceutischen und technischen Chemie | trans-title = Annual report on progress in pure, pharmaceutical, and technical chemistry | language = de | date = 1855 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7LVZAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA671 | pages = 671–673 }} see especially p. 673.</ref>

Galactose was first isolated and studied by [[Louis Pasteur]] in 1856 and he called it "lactose".<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Pasteur L | date = 1856 | url = https://archive.org/stream/ComptesRendusAcademieDesSciences0042/ComptesRendusAcadmieDesSciences-Tome042-Janvier-juin1856#page/n350/mode/1up | title = Note sur le sucre de lait | trans-title = Note on milk sugar | language = fr | journal = Comptes rendus | volume = 42 | pages =  347–351 | quote = From page 348: Je propose de le nommer ''lactose''. (I propose to name it ''lactose''.)}}</ref> In 1860, [[Marcellin Berthelot|Berthelot]] renamed it "galactose" or "glucose lactique".<ref>{{cite journal | first = Marcellin | last = Berthelot | name-list-style = vanc | title = Chimie organique fondée sur la synthèse | trans-title = Organic chemistry based on synthesis | language = fr | location = Paris, France | journal = Mallet-Bachelier | date = 1860 | volume = 2 | pages = 248–249 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7AtQYV5FlVwC&pg=PA248 }}</ref><ref>"Galactose" — from the [[Ancient Greek]] [[wikt:γάλακτος|γάλακτος]] (gálaktos, “milk”).</ref> In 1894, [[Hermann Emil Fischer|Emil Fischer]] and Robert Morrell determined the [[molecular configuration|configuration]] of galactose.<ref>{{cite journal | first1 = Emil | last1 = Fischer | first2 = Robert S. | last2 = Morrell | name-list-style = vanc | date = 1894 | url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k90732c/f403.image.langEN | title = Ueber die Configuration der Rhamnose und Galactose | trans-title = On the configuration of rhamnose and galactose | language = de | journal = Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin | volume = 27 | pages = 382–394 | doi=10.1002/cber.18940270177}} The configuration of galactose appears on page 385.</ref>