Editing Fritillaria (section)

=== Genome ===

''Fritillaria'' represents one of the most extreme cases of [[genome]] size expansion in [[angiosperms]]. [[Polyploidy]] is rare, with nearly all species being [[diploid]] and only occasional reports of triploidy.{{sfn|Day et al|2014}} Reported [[genome size]] in ''Fritillaria'' vary from [[C-value|1Cx]] ([[DNA]] content of unreplicated [[haploid]] chromosome complement) values of 30.15 to 85.38&nbsp;Gb (Giga [[base pair]]s), that is >&nbsp;190 times that of ''[[Arabidopsis thaliana]]'', which has been called the "model plant"{{sfn|Day et al|2014}} and >&nbsp;860 times that of ''[[Genlisea aurea]]'', which represents the smallest land plant genome [[sequenced]] to date.{{sfn|Kelly et al|2015}} Giant genome size is generally defined as >35&nbsp;pg (34&nbsp;Gb).{{sfn|Leitch|2017}} The largest genomes in diploid ''Fritillaria'' are found in subgenus ''Japonica'', exceeding 85&nbsp;Gb.{{sfn|Day et al|2014}} At least one species, tetraploid ''[[Fritillaria assyriaca|F. assyriaca]]'', has a very large genome. With approximately 127&nbsp;[[picogram|pg]] (130&nbsp;Gb), it was for a long time the largest known genome, exceeding the largest [[vertebrate]] animal genome known to date, that of the [[marbled lungfish]] (''Protopterus aethiopicus''), in size.{{sfn|Science Daily|2010}} [[Heterochromatin]] levels vary by [[biogeographic]] region, with very little in [[Old World]] and abundant levels in [[New World]] species. Most species have a basic [[chromosome number]] of x=12, but x=9, 11 and 13 have been reported.{{sfn|Rønsted et al|2005}}
{{clear}}