Editing Foreign relations of Senegal (section)

== Current Partnerships ==

=== U.S.-Senegal Relations ===
Diplomatic relations between the [[United States]] and Senegal began in 1960, following independence and the dissolution of the Mali Federation.<ref name=":132">{{Cite web |title=The United States and Senegal: 60 Years of Partnership |url=https://www.state.gov/the-united-states-and-senegal-60-years-of-partnership/ |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=United States Department of State |language=en}}</ref> Early after independence, a relationship was formed between President Senghor and U.S. President [[John F. Kennedy]] as part of the latter's "African Policy."<ref name=":1222"/> As part of Senegal's policy of non-alignment and African Socialism, bilateral relations between the two were limited but meaningful. The United States contributed aid to Senegal, including for the First World Festival of Negro Arts, and maintained consistent contact with the country throughout the Cold War via its [[United States Agency for International Development|US Agency for International Development]] (USAID).<ref name=":1222"/>

Today, [[Senegal–United States relations|U.S.-Senegal Relations]] are defined by foreign aid, military cooperation, and the protection of democracy in the region. The United States provides a growing amount of economic aid to the country. Senegal has received aid for democracy promotion, food security, and development projects like $1.5 million in aid for solar energy and nano-loan financing systems.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-31 |title=U.S. Government supports access to energy and finance through new grants operating in Africa including Senegal {{!}} Press Release {{!}} Senegal |url=https://www.usaid.gov/senegal/press-releases/mar-30-2022-us-government-supports-access-energy-and-finance-through-new |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=[[USAID]] |language=en |archive-date=May 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512211805/https://www.usaid.gov/senegal/press-releases/mar-30-2022-us-government-supports-access-energy-and-finance-through-new }}</ref> Health diplomacy is another sector of aid that the United States and Senegal collaborate on. These include programs for child health, the prevention of [[Malaria]], and family planning funded by USAID.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Weiss |first1=William |last2=Piya |first2=Bhumika |last3=Andrus |first3=Althea |last4=Ahsan |first4=Karar Zunaid |last5=Cohen |first5=Robert |date=2022-01-06 |title=Estimating the impact of donor programs on child mortality in low- and middle-income countries: a synthetic control analysis of child health programs funded by the United States Agency for International Development |journal=Population Health Metrics |language=en |volume=20 |issue=1 |page=2 |doi=10.1186/s12963-021-00278-9 |issn=1478-7954 |pmc=8734298 |pmid=34986844 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Recently, the US sent $10.7 million of emergency aid and 99,450 vaccine does to Senegal to combat the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref name=":132" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-03 |title=U.S. Donates 99,450 COVID-19 vaccines to Senegal |url=https://www.usaid.gov/senegal/news-information/press-releases/us-donates-99450-covid-19-vaccines-senegal |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=[[USAID]] |language=en |archive-date=May 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512211811/https://www.usaid.gov/senegal/news-information/press-releases/us-donates-99450-covid-19-vaccines-senegal }}</ref> Defense has also been a major area of partnership as Senegal has remained a stable nation in a region consistently fraught with violence. In 2016, both nations also signed a Defense Cooperation Agreement that would ensure joint-military training and missions in West African states affected by Islamic extremism and alleviate the need for more troops to be stationed in Senegal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-05-02 |title=U.S. and Senegal sign defense cooperation deal |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-senegal-security-idUSKCN0XT1Q5 |access-date=2022-05-12}}</ref> Senegal has also supported U.S. military missions in Iraq (1991), Niger (2016), and even its own territory during the Ebola outbreak of 2014, through the auspices of the [[United States Africa Command|United States African Command (AFRICOM)]].<ref name=":1222"/> Another major priority of the United States in Senegal is the promotion and protection of democracy. Senegal's democratic system has persisted for decades and has become more democratic following the Cold War, garnering the attention of the U.S. as a model state for West Africa.<ref name=":132" /> The United States manages several programs or aid packets meant to increase democratic diplomacy. One of these programs is conducted by the [[United States Information Agency]] which help hold workshops and training with Senegalese news federation and reporters to increase the independence and power of the press in the country.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Datta |first=Christopher |date=2019-11-01 |title=The Power of Ideas That Won the Cold War is Still Needed |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2312459151 |journal=American Diplomacy |pages=1–3|id={{ProQuest|2312459151}} }}</ref>

The relationship between the United States and Senegal is often limited by the country's strong ties with France, preventing deep connections from forming without diplomatic conflict.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Elam-Thomas |first=Harriet Lee |title=Diversifying diplomacy my journey from Roxbury to Dakar |date=2017 |publisher=Potomac Books |isbn=978-1-61234-950-3 |oclc=1175634734}}</ref> The French have been critical of recent "hard" diplomacy actions by the U.S., including AFRICOM and limited the nation's [[African Crisis Response Initiative]] (ACRI) to the training of African forces in West Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bagayoko |first=Niagale |date=2009-04-03 |title=French Reactions to AFRICOM: An Historic Perspective |url= |journal=Contemporary Security Policy |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=28–31 |doi=10.1080/13523260902759761 |s2cid=153687304 |issn=1352-3260}}</ref>