Editing Fomalhaut (section)

==Etymology and cultural significance==
Fomalhaut has had various names ascribed to it through time, and has been recognized by many cultures of the [[northern hemisphere]], including the [[Arab]]s, [[Persians]], and [[Chinese people|Chinese]]. It marked the solstice in 2500&nbsp;BC. It was also a marker for the worship of [[Demeter]] in [[Eleusis]].{{refn|{{cite web |title=Solitary Fomalhaut guards the southern sky |quote=Fomalhaut had first visible exoplanet. |date=9 September 2021 |series=Brightest stars |website=earthsky.org |url=http://earthsky.org/brightest-stars/solitary-fomalhaut-guards-the-southern-sky}}, cites [[Richard Hinckley Allen|R.H. Allen]] (1963).<ref name=rhallen/>}}
* It is considered to be one of the four "[[royal stars]]" of the [[Persia]]ns.<ref name=rhallen>{{cite book |first=R.H. |last=Allen |author-link=Richard Hinckley Allen |year=1963 |section=Piscis Australis, the Southern Fish |title=Star Names — Their Lore and Meaning |edition=reprint |pages=344–347 |publisher=Dover Books |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Topics/astronomy/_Texts/secondary/ALLSTA/Piscis_Australis*.html |via=Penelope, [[U Chicago]]}}</ref>
* The Latin names are ''{{lang|la|ōs piscis merīdiāni, ōs piscis merīdionālis, ōs piscis notii}}'' "the mouth of the Southern Fish".<ref name=rhallen/>
* A folk name among the early Arabs was ''Difdi' al Awwal'' ({{lang|ar|الضفدع الأول}} ''{{transliteration|ar|al-ḍifdiʿ al-awwal}}'') "the first frog" (the second frog is [[Beta Ceti]]).<ref name=rhallen/>
* The [[Chinese star names|Chinese name]] {{lang|zh|北落師門/北落师门}} ([[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]]: Běiluòshīmén), meaning ''North Gate of the Military Camp'', because this star is marking itself and stands alone in ''North Gate of the Military Camp'' [[Asterism (astronomy)|asterism]], [[Encampment (Chinese constellation)|Encampment]] mansion (see: [[Chinese constellation]]s).<ref>{{cite web |script-title=zh:天文教育資訊網 |trans-title=Astronomy Education Information Network |date=7 July 2006 |language=zh |series=Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy (AEEA) |url=http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0607/ap060707.html |access-date=24 August 2012 |archive-date=21 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521232711/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0607/ap060707.html }}</ref> {{lang|zh|北落师门}} (Běiluòshīmén), westernized into ''Pi Lo Sze Mun'' by R.H. Allen.<ref name=rhallen/>
* To the Moporr Aboriginal people of South Australia, it is a male being called ''Buunjill''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dawson |first=James |date=1881 |title=Australian Aborigines |publisher=George Robertson |location=Sydney, AU |isbn=0-85575-118-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/McGillLibrary-rbsc_australian-aborigines_QUARTO-2506-17783 |page=[https://archive.org/details/McGillLibrary-rbsc_australian-aborigines_QUARTO-2506-17783/page/n113 100] }}</ref> The [[Wardaman people]] of the Northern Territory called Fomalhaut ''Menggen'' —white cockatoo.<ref>{{cite book |last1 = Harney |first1 = Bill Yidumduma |last2 = Cairns |first2 = Hugh C. |year = 2004 |orig-date = 2003 |title = Dark Sparklers |publisher = Hugh C. Cairns |location = Merimbula, New South Wales |edition = revised |isbn = 0-9750908-0-1 |page=204}}</ref>

Fomalhaut-Earthwork&nbsp;B, in [[Mounds State Park]] near [[Anderson, Indiana]], lines up with the rising of the star Fomalhaut in the fall months, according to the [[Indiana Department of Natural Resources]]. In 1980, astronomer Jack Robinson proposed that the rising azimuth of Fomalhaut was marked by cairn placements at both the [[Medicine Wheel/Medicine Mountain National Historic Landmark|Bighorn medicine wheel]] in Wyoming, USA, and the [[Moose Mountain Upland|Moose Mountain]] [[medicine wheel]] in Saskatchewan, Canada.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Robinson | first=J.H. |date=September 1980 | title=Fomalhaut and cairn&nbsp;D at the Big Horn and Moose Mountain medicine wheels | journal=Bulletin of the Astronomical Society | volume=12 | page=887 | bibcode=1980BAAS...12..887R }}</ref>

[[New Scientist|''New Scientist'' magazine]] termed it the "Great [[Eye of Sauron]]", comparing its shape and debris ring to the aforementioned "eye" in the [[Peter Jackson]] ''[[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|Lord of the Rings]]'' films.<ref>{{cite news |author=Semeniuk, Ivan |date=22 June 2005 |title=Hubble spies lord of the stellar rings |magazine=[[New Scientist]] |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn7564-hubble-spies-lord-of-the-stellar-rings.html}}</ref>

[[USS Fomalhaut (AK-22)|USS ''Fomalhaut'' (AK-22)]] was a [[United States]] navy [[amphibious cargo ship]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Attack cargo ship ''Fomalhaut'' (AE-20) |date=2005-10-02 |df=dmy-all |website=navsource.org |url=http://www.navsource.org/archives/10/02/02005.htm |access-date=2020-01-25 }}</ref>