Editing Flag of the United States (section)

==="Flower Flag" arrives in Asia===
The U.S. flag was brought to the city of [[Guangzhou|Canton]] (Guǎngzhōu) in China in 1784 by the merchant ship [[Empress of China (1783)|''Empress of China'']], which carried a cargo of [[ginseng]].<ref name=Preble>{{cite book|last=Preble|first=George Henry|title=History of the Flag of the United States of America|year=1880 |edition=second revised |publisher=A. Williams and Co |location=Boston |page=[https://archive.org/details/historyflagunit00prebgoog/page/n353 298] |url=https://archive.org/details/historyflagunit00prebgoog}}</ref> There it gained the designation "Flower Flag" ({{zh|c=[[wikt:花旗|花旗]]|p=huāqí|cy=fākeì}}).<ref name="Tappan">{{cite book |last=March |first=Eva |title=The Little Book of the Flag |year=1917 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company |location=Boston |page=92 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ltAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA92}}</ref> According to a pseudonymous account first published in the ''[[Boston Courier]]'' and later retold by author and U.S. naval officer [[George Henry Preble|George H. Preble]]:

{{blockquote|When the thirteen stripes and stars first appeared at Canton, much curiosity was excited among the people. News was circulated that a strange ship had arrived from the further end of the world, bearing a flag "as beautiful as a flower". Every body went to see the ''kwa kee chuen'' [{{zh|c=花旗船|cy=Fākeìsyùhn|labels=no}}], or "flower flagship". This name at once established itself in the language, and America is now called the ''kwa kee kwoh'' [{{zh|t=[[wikt:花旗國|花旗國]]|cy=Fākeìgwok|labels=no}}], the "flower flag country"—and an American, ''kwa kee kwoh yin'' [{{zh|c=花旗國人|cy=Fākeìgwokyàhn|labels=no}}]—"flower flag countryman"—a more complimentary designation than that of "red headed barbarian"—the name first bestowed upon the Dutch.<ref>{{cite news |title=Curiosa Sinica |work=Boston Courier |date=June 15, 1843}}<!-- http://www.genealogybank.com/gbnk/newspapers/doc/v2:11BE3A41D7E057DF%40GBNEWS-11C7DAE2233F21E0%402394367-11C7DAE23582E5F8%400-11C7DAE288B45908%40Curiosa+Sinica/?search_terms=kwoh%7Cchoong --></ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Chinese Etymologies |location=Washington, D.C. |work=[[Kendall's Expositor]] |publisher=William Greer |date=June 27, 1843 |volume=3 |issue=14 |page=222|via=Google Books |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QEQ9AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA222}}</ref>}}

In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken [[Standard Cantonese|Cantonese]]. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.<ref name="ChiDict">See ''[http://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=worddictbasic&wdqb=花旗&wdrst=0&wddmtm=1&wdeac=1 Chinese English Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426060048/http://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=worddictbasic&wdqb=%E8%8A%B1%E6%97%97&wdrst=0&wddmtm=1&wdeac=1 |date=April 26, 2011 }}''<br />Olsen, Kay Melchisedech, ''Chinese Immigrants: 1850–1900'' (2001), p. 7.<br />"[http://www.hsp.org/default.aspx?id=190 Philadelphia's Chinatown: An Overview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624040601/http://www.hsp.org/default.aspx?id=190 |date=June 24, 2008 }}", The Historical Society of Pennsylvania.<br />Leonard, George, "[http://www.georgeleonard.com/angelisland.html The Beginnings of Chinese Literature in America: the Angel Island Poems]". {{dead link|date=April 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

{{anchor|Etymology}}Chinese now refer to the United States as ''Měiguó'' from Mandarin ({{zh|s=[[wikt:美国|美国]]|t=美國}}). ''Měi'' is short for ''Měilìjiān'' ({{zh|s=美利坚|t=美利堅}}, [[phono-semantic matching]] of "American") and "guó" means "country", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the "flower flag" terminology persists in some places today: for example, [[American ginseng]] is called ''flower flag ginseng'' ({{zh|s=花旗参|t=花旗參}}) in Chinese, and [[Citibank]], which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as ''Flower Flag Bank'' ({{zh|s=花旗银行|labels=no}}).<ref name="ChiDict" />

Similarly, Vietnamese also uses the borrowed term from Chinese with [[Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary|Sino-Vietnamese]] reading for the United States, as {{lang|vi|{{linktext|Hoa Kỳ|lang=vi}}}} from {{vi-nom|花旗}} ("Flower Flag"). Even though the United States is also called ''nước Mỹ'' (or simpler ''Mỹ'') colloquially in Vietnamese before the name ''Měiguó'' was popular among Chinese, ''Hoa Kỳ'' is always recognized as the formal name for the United States with the [[Vietnam|Vietnamese state]] officially designates it as {{Lang|vi|Hợp chúng quốc Hoa Kỳ}} ({{Chuhan|合眾國花旗}}, {{Lit|United states of the Flower Flag}}).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Phương Lan |date=July 10, 2007 |title=Bộ Ngoại giao: Đề nghị thống nhất sử dụng tên gọi "Hợp chúng quốc Hoa Kỳ" |trans-title=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Vietnam)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]]: Request to unify the use of the name ''"Hợp chúng quốc Hoa Kỳ"'' |url=https://baochinhphu.vn/news-10210789.htm |access-date=September 14, 2023 |website=Viet Nam Government Portal |publisher=[[Government of Vietnam]] |language=vi}}</ref> By that, in Vietnam, the U.S. is also nicknamed ''xứ Cờ Hoa'' ("land of Flower Flag") based on the ''Hoa Kỳ'' designation.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Đ |first=N.C.T |title=Xứ Cờ Hoa |trans-title=Land of Flag Flower? |url=https://baodanang.vn/channel/5433/201905/xu-co-hoa-3175705/ |access-date=September 14, 2023 |website=Đà Nẵng Online |language=vi}}</ref>

Additionally, the seal of Shanghai Municipal Council in [[Shanghai International Settlement]] from 1869 included the U.S. flag as part of the top left-hand shield near the flag of the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|UK]], as the U.S. participated in the creation of this enclave in the Chinese city of Shanghai. It is also included in the badge of the Gulangyu Municipal Police in the [[Gulangyu|International Settlement of Gulangyu]], [[Amoy]].<ref>{{FOTW|id=cn-kul|title=International Settlement of Kulangsu (Gulangyu, China)}}</ref>

President [[Richard Nixon]] presented a U.S. flag and [[Moon rock]]s to [[Mao Zedong]] during [[1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China|his visit to China]] in 1972. They are now on display at the [[National Museum of China]].{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}

The U.S. flag took its first trip around the world in 1787–1790 on board the ''[[Columbia Rediviva|Columbia]]''.<ref name="Tappan"/> [[William Driver]], who coined the phrase "Old Glory", took the U.S. flag around the world in 1831–32.<ref name="Tappan"/> The flag attracted the notice of the Japanese when an oversized version was carried to [[Yokohama]] by the steamer ''Great Republic'' as part of a round-the-world journey in 1871.<ref>"[http://www.american.edu/heintze/flag.htm American Flag Raised Over Buddhist Temple in Japan on July 4, 1872]" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202052331/http://www.american.edu/heintze/flag.htm |date=February 2, 2013 }}</ref>