Editing Epidemic (section)

=== Human behaviour ===
[[File:Punch-A_Court_for_King_Cholera.png|thumb|''A Court for King Cholera.'' Illustration from ''[[Punch (magazine)|Punch]]'' (1852).]]
Changes in behaviour can affect the likelihood or severity of epidemics. The classic example is the [[1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak]], in which a cholera outbreak was mitigated by removing a supply of contaminated water - an event now regarded as the foundation of the science of [[epidemiology]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tulchinsky |first=Theodore H. |date=2018 |title=John Snow, Cholera, the Broad Street Pump; Waterborne Diseases Then and Now |journal=Case Studies in Public Health |pages=77–99 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-804571-8.00017-2 |pmc=7150208|isbn=9780128045718 }}</ref> Urbanisation and overcrowding (e.g. in [[refugee camp]]s) increase the likelihood of disease outbreaks.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Neiderud |first=Carl-Johan |date=2015-06-24 |title=How urbanization affects the epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases |journal=Infection Ecology & Epidemiology |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=10.3402/iee.v5.27060 |doi=10.3402/iee.v5.27060 |issn=2000-8686 |pmc=4481042 |pmid=26112265|bibcode=2015InfEE...527060N }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Altare |first1=Chiara |last2=Kahi |first2=Vincent |last3=Ngwa |first3=Moise |last4=Goldsmith |first4=Amelia |last5=Hering |first5=Heiko |last6=Burton |first6=Ann |last7=Spiegel |first7=Paul |date=1 September 2019 |title=Infectious disease epidemics in refugee camps: a retrospective analysis of UNHCR data (2009-2017) |url=https://www.joghr.org/article/12009-infectious-disease-epidemics-in-refugee-camps-a-retrospective-analysis-of-unhcr-data-2009-2017 |journal=Journal of Global Health Reports |language=en |volume=3 |pages=e2019064 |doi=10.29392/joghr.3.e2019064|s2cid=207998081 |doi-access=free }}</ref> A factor which contributed to the initial rapid increase in the [[Western African Ebola virus epidemic|2014 Ebola virus epidemic]] was [[Bathing the dead|ritual bathing]] of (infective) corpses; one of the control measures was an education campaign to change behaviour around funeral rites.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maxmen |first=Amy | author-link=Amy Maxmen|date=30 January 2015 |title=How the Fight Against Ebola Tested a Culture's Traditions |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/150130-ebola-virus-outbreak-epidemic-sierra-leone-funerals-1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308231136/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/150130-ebola-virus-outbreak-epidemic-sierra-leone-funerals-1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 8, 2021 |access-date=14 September 2023 |website=National Geographic |language=en}}</ref>