Editing Emotional intelligence (section)

=== Mixed model ===
The model introduced by Daniel Goleman focuses on EI as a wide array of competencies and skills, which drive leadership performance in applied settings.<ref name="Goleman_1998" /> Goleman's model outlines five main EI constructs:{{r|hbr98}}
* [[Self-awareness]] – the ability to know one's emotions, strengths, weaknesses, drives, values, and goals and recognize their impact on others while using [[gut feeling]]s to guide decisions
* [[Emotional self-regulation|Self-regulation]] – involves controlling or redirecting one's disruptive emotions and impulses and adapting to changing circumstances
* [[Social skill]] – managing relationships to get along with others
* [[Empathy]] – considering other people's feelings especially when making decisions
* [[Motivation]] – being aware of what motivates them

Goleman includes a set of [[emotional competence|emotional competencies]] within each construct of EI. Emotional competencies are learned capabilities that must be developed to achieve performance. Goleman posits that individuals are born with a general emotional intelligence that determines their potential for learning emotional competencies.<ref name="boy">{{cite book | vauthors = Boyatzis RE, Goleman D, Rhee K | chapter = Clustering competence in emotional intelligence: Insights from the Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI). | veditors = Bar-On R, Parker JD | title = Handbook of emotional intelligence. | year = 2000 | volume = 99 | issue = 6 | pages = 343–62 | location = San Francisco | publisher = Jossey-Bass }}</ref>

==== Criticism ====
Goleman's model of EI has been criticized in the research literature as "[[pop psychology]]".<ref name="Mayer_2008" />

Goleman's early work has been criticized for assuming that EI is a type of intelligence or [[cognitive ability]]. Eysenck writes that Goleman's description of EI contains unsubstantiated assumptions about intelligence in general and that it even runs contrary to what researchers have come to expect when studying types of intelligence.<ref name="auto">{{cite book |author-link=Hans Eysenck |title=Intelligence: A New Look |vauthors=Eysenck HJ |publisher=Transaction Publishers |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-7658-0707-6}}</ref> Similarly, Locke claims that the concept of EI is a misinterpretation of the intelligence construct, and he offers an alternative interpretation: it is not another form or type of intelligence, but intelligence—the ability to grasp [[abstractions]]—applied to a particular life domain: emotions. He suggests the concept should be re-labeled and referred to as a skill.<ref name="locke">{{cite journal |vauthors=Locke EA |year=2005 |title=Why emotional intelligence is an invalid concept |journal=Journal of Organizational Behavior |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=425–431 |doi=10.1002/job.318}}</ref>

==== Measurement ====
Two measurement tools are based on the Goleman model:
* The Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI), which was created in 1999, and the Emotional and Social Competence Inventory (ESCI), a newer edition of the ECI, which was developed in 2007. The Emotional and Social Competence – University Edition (ESCI-U) is also available. These tools, developed by Goleman and [[Richard Boyatzis|Boyatzis]], provide a behavioral measure of emotional and social competencies.
* [[The Emotional Intelligence Appraisal]], which was created in 2001 and which can be taken as a self-report or [[360-degree feedback|360-degree assessment]].<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Bradberry T, Greaves J | title = Emotional Intelligence 2.0. | year = 2009 | location = San Francisco | publisher = Publishers Group West | isbn = 978-0-9743206-2-5 }}</ref>