Editing Embryo drawing (section)

===Early opponents: Ludwig Rutimeyer, Theodor Bischoff and Rudolf Virchow===
The first suggestion of fakery against Haeckel was made in late 1868 by Ludwig Rutimeyer in the ''Archiv für Anthropogenie''.<ref name="Hopwood p. 282"/> Rutimeyer was a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the [[University of Basel]], who rejected natural selection as simply mechanistic and proposed an anti-materialist view of nature.  Rutimeyer claimed that Haeckel "had taken to kinds of liberty with established truth".<ref>Hopwood, "Pictures of Evolution and Charges of Fraud", p. 283</ref> Rutimeyer claimed that Haeckel presented the same image three consecutive times as the embryo of the dog, the chicken, and the turtle.<ref>Hopwood, "Pictures of Evolution and Charges of Fraud", p. 275</ref>

[[Theodor Ludwig Wilhelm Bischoff|Theodor Bischoff]] (1807–1882), was a strong opponent of [[Darwinism]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}}  As a pioneer in mammalian embryology, he was one of Haeckel's strongest critics.{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}}  Although Bischoff's 1840 surveys depict how similar the early embryos of man are to other vertebrates, he later demanded that such [[hasty generalization]] was inconsistent with his recent findings regarding the dissimilarity between hamster embryos and those of rabbits and dogs.{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}}  Nevertheless, Bischoff's main argument was in reference to Haeckel's drawings of human embryos, for Haeckel is later accused of miscopying the dog embryo from him.<ref name="Hopwood p. 282"/> Throughout Haeckel's time, criticism of his embryo drawings was often due in part to his critics' belief in his representations of embryological development as "crude schemata".<ref>Hopwood, "Pictures of Evolution and Charges of Fraud", p. 273</ref>