Editing Economy of Turkmenistan (section)

====Petroleum refining====
{{Main article|Oil and natural gas refining in Turkmenistan}}
Oil is processed at two refineries, the [[Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan|Türkmenbaşy]] and [[Seýdi|Seydi]] oil refining complexes.   The Turkmenbashy oil refinery had a refining capacity of more than 10 million tons of oil per year as of May 2016. The refinery produces a range of products, including unleaded gasoline, petroleum coke, asphalt, laundry detergent, hydro-treated Diesel, and lubricating oil.<ref name=ita>{{cite web|url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/turkmenistan-oil-and-natural-gas-refining|title= Turkmenistan - Country Commercial Guide / Oil and Natural Gas Refining|date= 30 November 2023|publisher=US Department of Commerce}}</ref>  The Turkmenbashy oil refinery is Turkmenistan's largest producer of liquid petroleum gas, accounting for two-thirds of total production with annual output of about 300 thousand tonnes.<ref name=lpg>{{cite news|url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/28431/v-turkmenistane-perevypolnen-plan-po-eksportu-spg |title=В Туркменистане перевыполнен план по экспорту СПГ |date=26 June 2020 |language=ru | publisher=Turkmenportal}}</ref>

The Seydi refinery processed about 135,500 tonnes of oil in the first quarter of 2020, and 441,200 tonnes January–November, implying capacity of about half a million tonnes of oil in 2020 despite design capacity of 6 million tonnes. In the first eight months of 2021, the Seydi refinery produced 135,200 tonnes of gasoline, 77,600 tonnes of diesel fuel, 22,800 tonnes of heavy gas oil, and 19,500 tonnes of asphalt.<ref name=seydi>{{cite news|url=https://business.com.tm/post/5398/seydi-oil-refinery-processes-1355-thousand-tons-of-oil|title=Seydi Oil Refinery Processes 135.5 Thousand Tons of Oil|date=20 April 2020|publisher=Business Turkmenistan}}</ref><ref name=seydi3>{{cite news|url=https://business.com.tm/post/6418/seydi-oil-refinery-processes-around-4412-thousand-tons-of-oil|title= Seydi Oil Refinery Processes Around 441.2 Thousand Tons of Oil|date=16 December 2020|publisher=Business Turkmenistan}}</ref><ref name=seydi2>{{cite news|url=https://business.com.tm/ru/post/7620/na-seidinskom-npz-proizvedeno-poryadka-1352-tysyach-tonn-benzina |title=На Сейдинском НПЗ произведено порядка 135,2 тысяч тонн бензина |publisher=Biznes Turkmenistan |date=21 September 2021 |language=ru}}</ref> The Seydi refinery was built during the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] period to process oil from [[Siberia]]. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, however, the Seydi refinery has been supplied with hydrocarbons from Turkmenistan, including the Gokdumalak, Yashyldepe, Yoloten, and Kerwen fields.<ref name=neftegaz2>{{cite news|url=https://neftegaz.ru/news/neftechim/260507-v-turkmenistane-postroyat-sovremennye-gazokhimicheskie-kompleksy/ |title=В Туркменистане построят современные газохимические комплексы |date= 3 December 2012 | language=ru |publisher=Neftegaz.ru}}</ref><ref name=kerwen>{{cite news|url=https://neftegaz.ru/news/politics/263887-turkmenistan-v-karakumakh-vvel-v-ekspluatatsiyu-ocherednoe-gazokondensatnoe-mestorozhdenie-kerven-po/ |date=11 March 2012| title= Туркменистан в Каракумах ввел в эксплуатацию очередное газоконденсатное месторождение Кервен. После 2009 г это первый успех туркменских газовиков  | language=ru |publisher=Neftegaz.ru}}</ref>

In October 2020, President [[Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow]] criticized low output from refineries, stating, "...growth is not observed in oil extraction, half of which is exported. Processing enterprises do not operate at the appropriate level, and for a long time are used at barely 40%."<ref>{{citation |url=https://oilgas.gov.tm/ru/posts/news/855/prezident-poruchil-rukovoditelyam-tek-turkmenistana-prinyat-mery-dlya-ispravleniya-nedostatkov-v-rabote-otrasli |title=Президент поручил руководителям ТЭК Туркменистана принять меры для исправления недостатков в работе отрасли |date=10 October 2020 |language=ru |publisher=Nebit-Gaz}}</ref>