Editing Drawing (section)

==Notable artists and draftsmen==
Drawing became significant as an art form around the late 15th century, with artists and master engravers such as [[Albrecht Dürer]] and [[Martin Schongauer]] ({{circa|1448}}–1491), the first Northern engraver known by name. Schongauer came from Alsace, and was born into a family of goldsmiths. Albrecht Dürer, a master of the next generation, was also the son of a goldsmith.<ref>{{Cite news|date = 1 July 2020|url=https://www.christies.com/features/Old-Master-Prints-Collecting-Guide-8021-1.aspx |title= Collecting guide: Old Master prints |website = Christie's|access-date=|language=en}}</ref><ref>[https://www.britishmuseum.org/pdf/7%20German%20Draughtsmanship%20in%20the%20Ages%20of%20Durer%20and%20Goethe.pdf Hinrich Sieveking, "German Draughtsmanship in the Ages of Dürer and Goethe", British Museum]. Accessed 20 February 2016</ref>

Old Master Drawings often reflect the history of the country in which they were produced, and the fundamental characteristics of a nation at that time. In 17th-century Holland, a Protestant country, there were almost no religious artworks, and, with no King or court, most art was bought privately. Drawings of landscapes or genre scenes were often viewed not as sketches but as highly finished works of art. Italian drawings, however, show the influence of Catholicism and the Church, which played a major role in artistic patronage. The same is often true of French drawings, although in the 17th century the disciplines of French Classicism<ref>Barbara Hryszko, A Painter as a Draughtsman. Typology and Terminology of Drawings in Academic Didactics and Artistic Practice in France in 17th Century [dans:] Metodologia, metoda i terminologia grafiki i rysunku. Teoria i praktyka, ed. Jolanta Talbierska, Warszawa 2014, pp. 169–176.</ref> meant drawings were less Baroque than the more free Italian counterparts, which conveyed a greater sense of movement.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.christies.com/features/Old-Master-Drawings-Collecting-Guide-7455-1.aspx|title= Collecting guide: Old Master drawings |website= Christie's|access-date=|language=en|date = 23 June 2021}}</ref>

In the 20th century [[Modernism]] encouraged "imaginative originality"<ref>{{cite book|title=Drawing – The Process|last1=Duff|first1=L|last2=Davies|first2= J|publisher=Intellect Books|year=2005|location=Bristol|isbn = 9781841509075}}</ref> and some artists' approach to drawing became less literal, more abstract. World-renowned artists such as [[Pablo Picasso]], [[Andy Warhol]] and [[Jean-Michel Basquiat]] helped challenge the status quo, with drawing being very much at the centre of their practice, and often re-interpreting traditional technique.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/feb/12/life-art-jean-michel-basquiat|title=My life in art: How Jean-Michel Basquiat taught me to forget about technique|last=Gompertz|first=Will|date=2009-02-12|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-04-20}}</ref>

Basquiat's drawings were produced in many different mediums, most commonly ink, pencil, felt-tip or marker, and oil-stick, and he drew on any surface that came to hand, such as doors, clothing, refrigerators, walls and baseball helmets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://i-d.co/article/a-dictionary-of-jean-michel-basquiat/|title=boom for real: a dictionary of basquiat|date=2017-09-26|work=I-d|access-date=2018-04-20|language=en-uk}}</ref>

The centuries have produced a canon of notable artists and draftsmen, each with their own distinct language of drawing, including:
* 14th, 15th and 16th: [[Leonardo da Vinci]]<ref>[http://www.artcyclopedia.com/feature-2003-02.html ArtCyclopedia, February 2003, "Masterful Leonardo and Graphic Dürer"]. Accessed 20 February 2016</ref> • [[Albrecht Dürer]] • [[Hans Holbein the Younger]] • [[Michelangelo]] • [[Pisanello]] • [[Raphael]]
* 17th: [[Claude Lorrain|Claude]] • [[Jacques de Gheyn II]] • [[Guercino]] • [[Nicolas Poussin]] • [[Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn|Rembrandt]] • [[Peter Paul Rubens]] • [[Pieter Saenredam]]
* 18th: [[François Boucher]] • [[Jean-Honoré Fragonard]] • [[Giovanni Battista Tiepolo]] • [[Antoine Watteau]]
* 19th: [[Aubrey Beardsley]] • [[Paul Cézanne]] • [[Jacques-Louis David]] • [[Honoré Daumier]] • [[Edgar Degas]] • [[Théodore Géricault]] • [[Francisco Goya]] • [[Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres]] • [[Pierre-Paul Prud'hon]] • [[Odilon Redon]] • [[John Ruskin]] • [[Georges Seurat]] • [[Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec]] • [[Vincent van Gogh]]
* 20th: [[Max Beckmann]] • [[Jean Dubuffet]] • [[M. C. Escher]] • [[Arshile Gorky]] • [[George Grosz]] • [[Paul Klee]] • [[Oskar Kokoschka]] • [[Käthe Kollwitz]] • [[Alfred Kubin]] • [[André Masson]] • [[Alphonse Mucha]] • [[Jules Pascin]] • [[Pablo Picasso]] • [[Egon Schiele]] • [[Jean-Michel Basquiat]] • [[Andy Warhol]]