Editing Demographics of Morocco (section)

== Ethnic groups ==
[[File:Morocco ethno 1973 all.svg|thumb|left|Ethnic map of Morocco (1973)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Morocco - University of Texas Libraries GeoData |url=https://geodata.lib.utexas.edu/catalog/princeton-fq977x643 |access-date=2022-09-28 |website=geodata.lib.utexas.edu}}</ref>]]
{{Pie chart|caption=Ethnic groups in Morocco (2012)<ref name="OxfordBusinessGroup" />|label1=[[Arabs]]|label2=[[Berbers]]|label3=[[Sahrawis]]|value1=67|value2=31|value3=2|color1=DarkGreen|color2=Yellow|color3=Purple|color4=Pink|color5=Cyan}}[[Moroccans]] are primarily of [[Arabs|Arab]] and [[Berbers|Berber]] origin as in other neighbouring countries in the [[Maghreb]].<ref name="MO" /><ref name="MP" /> [[Arabs]] comprise 67% of the population of Morocco, while [[Berbers]] make up 31% and [[Sahrawi people|Sahrawis]] make up 2%.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fs0Fog7XneUC&pg=PA11 |title=The Report: Morocco 2012 |date=2012 |publisher=Oxford Business Group |isbn=978-1-907065-54-5 |pages=11 |language=en}}</ref> However, according to ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'', 44% of Moroccans are Arab, 24% are [[Arabized Berber]]s, 21% are Berbers, and 10% are Mauritanian Moors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2024 |title=Climate of Morocco |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Morocco/Climate#ref214372 |website=Britannica |language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Amazighian girls.png|thumb|Berber girls from Morocco]]

The Arab population of Morocco is a result of the inflow of nomadic Arab tribes from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] since the [[Muslim conquest of the Maghreb]] in the 7th century with a major wave in the 11th century.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stearns |first1=Peter N. |title=The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged |last2=Leonard Langer |first2=William |publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-395-65237-4 |edition=6 |pages=129–131}}</ref> The major migration to the region by Arab tribes was in the 11th century when the tribes of [[Banu Hilal]] and [[Banu Sulaym]], along with others, were sent by the [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimids]] to defeat a [[Berbers|Berber]] rebellion and then settle in the Maghreb.<ref>{{Cite book |last=el-Hasan |first=Hasan Afif |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zr2XDwAAQBAJ&dq=arab+tribe+migration+to+the+maghreb&pg=PA82 |title=Killing the Arab Spring |date=2019-05-01 |publisher=Algora Publishing |isbn=978-1-62894-349-8 |pages=82 |language=en |access-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826054223/https://books.google.com/books?id=Zr2XDwAAQBAJ&dq=arab+tribe+migration+to+the+maghreb&pg=PA82 |archive-date=2022-08-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> Between the [[Nile]] and the [[Red Sea]] were Arab tribes expelled from [[Arabia]] for their turbulence, [[Banu Hilal]] and [[Banu Sulaym]], who often plundered farming areas in the [[Nile Valley]].<ref name="IK" /> According to [[Ibn Khaldun]], whole tribes set off with women, children, ancestors, animals and camping equipment.<ref name="IK" /> These tribes, who arrived in the region of Morocco around the 12th-13th centuries, and later the [[Maqil|Ma'qil]] in the 14th century, contributed to a more extensive ethnic, genetic, cultural, and linguistic [[Arabization]] of Morocco over time,<ref name="MC">{{Cite book |last=Nelson |first=Harold D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pqxf5uJMBvkC&dq=arabic+spread+to+the+countryside+morocco&pg=PA14 |title=Morocco, a Country Study |date=1985 |publisher=Headquarters, Department of the Army |pages=14 |language=en |access-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826054257/https://books.google.com/books?id=Pqxf5uJMBvkC&dq=arabic+spread+to+the+countryside+morocco&pg=PA14 |archive-date=2022-08-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> especially beyond the major urban centres and the northern regions which were the main sites of Arabization up to that point.<ref name="Casa de Velazquez" />

The Berber population mainly lives in the mountainous regions of Morocco where some preserve Berber culture, and are split into three groups; [[Rifians]], [[Shilha people|Shilha]], and [[Zayanes]]. The Rifians inhabit the [[Rif|Rif mountains]], the Shilha inhabit the [[Anti-Atlas|Anti-Atlas mountains]], and the Zayanes inhabit the [[Middle Atlas|Middle Atlas mountains]]. The [[Arabized Berber]]s who constitute about a quarter of the population are the Berbers who were [[Arabization|Arabized]] mainly as a result of the Arab nomad inflow, and have adopted Arab culture and the Arabic language as their native language, especially those who sought the protection of the [[Bedouin]].<ref name="MC" /> Some parts of the population are descendants of refugees who fled Spain after the [[Reconquista]] in the 15th century. The [[Trans-Saharan slave trade]] brought a population of [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]ns to Morocco. After the [[Israeli Declaration of Independence|founding of Israel]] and start of the [[Arab–Israeli conflict|Arab-Israeli conflict]] in 1948, many [[Jews]] felt compelled to leave Morocco especially after the [[1948 Anti-Jewish riots in Oujda and Jerada|anti-Jewish riots in Oujda]], and many fled to [[Israel]], [[Europe]], and [[North America]], and by 1967 250,000 Jews left Morocco. In a 2021 survey on 1,200 Moroccan adults, 68% were Arab, 25.6% were Berber, 3.6% were [[Sahrawi people|Sahrawi]], and 2.7% were others.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Abderebbi |first1=Mhammed |title=Morocco Round 8 Summary of Results |url=https://www.afrobarometer.org/publication/summary-results-afrobarometer-round-8-survey-morocco-2021/ |website=Afro Barometer |publisher=Global for Survey and Consulting |access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref>

===Immigration===
[[Image:COB data Morocco.PNG|thumb|330px|Foreign residents in Morocco by country of birth, in 1994]]