Editing Demographics of Latvia (section)

== Immigration ==
Illegal [[Immigration to Latvia|immigration in Latvia]] has traditionally been from neighboring countries but now migrants also come from other areas such as Latin America, Southeast Asia and Africa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Illegal immigrants from Africa and Latin America increase in Latvia |work=[[The Baltic Times]] |url=http://www.baltictimes.com/news/articles/21117 |access-date=15 April 2012 |archive-date=17 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217062717/http://www.baltictimes.com/news/articles/21117/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Latvian government have sought to work with Russia to stem the problem.<ref>{{cite news |title=Estonia urges cooperation with Russia in fighting illegal immigration |work=Baltic Review |url=http://baltic-review.com/2010/03/estonia-urges-cooperation-with-russia-in-fighting-illegal-immigration/ |url-status=dead |access-date=15 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414155948/http://baltic-review.com/2010/03/estonia-urges-cooperation-with-russia-in-fighting-illegal-immigration/ |archive-date=14 April 2012}}</ref> In 2009 the [[US State Department]] criticized Latvia for its treatment of illegal immigrants.<ref>{{cite news |title=2009 Human Rights Report: Latvia |work=[[US State Department]] |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/eur/136040.htm |access-date=15 April 2012 |archive-date=27 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210327175616/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/eur/136040.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

For an [[immigrant]] not to become an illegal resident, a [[License|permit]] is required for a foreign national or a [[stateless person]] wishing to reside in the [[Republic of Latvia]] for more than 90 days within a 6-month period,<ref>{{cite news |title=Statistics show immigration in Latvia is growing |work=Baltic Legal |url=http://blog.baltic-legal.com/page-immigration-in-latvia-is-growing-recently-migration-statistics-2012-aug.htm |access-date=18 August 2012 |archive-date=17 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120817121156/http://blog.baltic-legal.com/page-immigration-in-latvia-is-growing-recently-migration-statistics-2012-aug.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> thus if the person does not acquire himself a residence permit, he will be considered an illegal immigrant.

===Latvia migration data, 1990–present===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Immigration !! Emigration !! Net Migration
|-
| 1990 || 32,285 || 45,370 || −13,085
|-
| 1991 || 14,684 || 29,729 || −15,045
|-
| 1992 || 6,199 || 59,673 || −53,474
|-
| 1993 || 4,114 || 36,447 || −32,333
|-
| 1994 || 3,046 || 25,869 || −22,823
|-
| 1995 || 2,799 || 16,512 || −13,713
|-
| 1996 || 2,747 || 12,828 || −10,081
|-
| 1997 || 2,913 || 12,333 || −9,420
|-
| 1998 || 3,123 || 8,874 || −5,751
|-
| 1999 || 1,813 || 5,898 || −4,085
|-
| 2000 || 6,483 || 22,911 || −16,428
|-
| 2001 || 5,376 || 24,539 || −19,163
|-
| 2002 || 6,642 || 15,837 || −9,195
|-
| 2003 || 4,063 || 15,647 || −11,584
|-
| 2004 || 4,844 || 20,167 || −15,323
|-
| 2005 || 6,691 || 17,643 || −10,952
|-
| 2006 || 8,212 || 17,019 || −8,807
|-
| 2007 || 7,517 || 15,463 || −7,946
|-
| 2008 || 4,678 || 27,045 || −22,367
|-
| 2009 || 3,731 || 38,208 || −34,477
|-
| 2010 || 4,011 || 39,651 || −35,640
|-
| 2011 || 10,234 || 30,311 || −20,077
|-
| 2012 || 13,303 || 25,163 || −11,860
|-
| 2013 || 8,299 || 22,561 || −14,262
|-
| 2014 || 10,365 || 19,017 || −8,652
|-
| 2015 || 9,479 || 20,119 || −10,640
|-
| 2016 || 8,345 || 20,574 || −12,229
|-
| 2017 || 9,916 || 17,724 || −7,808
|-
| 2018 || 10,909 || 15,814 || −4,905
|-
| 2019 || 11,223 || 14,583 || −3,360
|-
| 2020 || 8,840 || 11,990 || −3,150
|-
| 2021 || 12,689 || 12,975 || −286
|-
| 2022 || 38,708 || 16,680 || 22,028
|-
| 2023 || 18,710 || 16,295 || 2,415
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Largest groups of foreign citizens
!Rank
!Nationality 
!Population (2019)<ref>{{cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://www.pmlp.gov.lv/lv/assets/S%20PUA%20izversts%20uz%2031.12.19..pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723190604/https://www.pmlp.gov.lv/lv/assets/S%20PUA%20izversts%20uz%2031.12.19..pdf |archive-date=23 July 2020 |access-date=23 July 2020}}</ref>
|-
|1
|{{flag|Russia}}
|42,243
|-
|2
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Lithuania}}
|2,790
|-
|3
|{{flag|Ukraine}}
|2,413
|-
|4
|{{flag|Belarus}}
|1,630
|-
|5
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Estonia}}
|611
|-
|6
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Germany}}
|304
|-
|7
|{{flag|Israel}}
|201
|-
|8
|{{flag|Armenia}}
|188
|-
|9
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Poland}}
|176
|-
|10
|{{flag|United States}}
|171
|-
|11
|{{flag|Kazakhstan}}
|169
|-
|12
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|151
|-
|13
|{{flag|Moldova}}
|134
|-
|14
|{{flag|China}}
|128
|-
|15
|{{flag|Azerbaijan}}
|118
|-
|16
|{{flag|Uzbekistan}}
|115
|-
|17
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Denmark}}
|96
|-
|18
|{{flag|Georgia}}
|88
|-
|19
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Sweden}}
|86
|-
|20
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Italy}}
|82
|}