Editing Cultural genocide (section)

===Asia===
* The [[persecution of Baháʼís]] in Iran as a case of [[religious persecution]] has been called a cultural genocide.<ref name="AutoCK-13" /><ref name="AutoCK-14" /><ref>{{cite journal |last=Frelick |first=Bill |title=Iranian Baha'is and Genocide Early Warning |journal=Social Science Record |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=35–37 |date=Fall 1987 |url=http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ362917 |access-date=3 March 2013 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
* Azerbaijan's destruction, appropriation, and [[Falsification of history in Azerbaijan|denial of Armenian heritage]] sites in [[Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic|Nakhchivan]] and [[Nagorno-Karabakh]] have been characterized as ethnocide<ref>Petrosyan 2010 – Petrosyan H., Cultural ethnocide in Artsakh (mechanism of extortion of cultural heritage), state terrorism of Azerbaijan and the policy of ethnic cleansing against Nagorno Karabakh, Shushi, pp. 137-148 (in Arm.). Petrosyan 2020 – Ethnocide in Artsakh: The Mechanisms of Azerbaijan’s Usurpation of Indigenous Armenian Cultural Heritage, Cultural Heritage. Experiences & Perspectives in International Context, Proceedings of the ROCHEMP center international conference, 23rd- 24th of January 2020, Yerevan, pp. 79-90.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Roberts |first=Kasey |date=6 June 2022 |title=Present-Day Ethnocide: The Destruction of Armenian Cultural Heritage in Azerbaijan |url=https://tuljournals.temple.edu/index.php/mundi/article/view/586 |journal=MUNDI |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> or potential cultural genocide<ref>Kellogg, Ethan. [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_url?url=https://journals.library.cornell.edu/index.php/tcd/article/download/724/681&hl=en&sa=T&oi=gsb-gga&ct=res&cd=0&d=2144530705259449779&ei=88qyZYHqDOSo6rQPktWn0Ao&scisig=AFWwaeYLWt8sD_H-nTQ1Yhwu_3uu "Cultural Erasure in the Modern Day: The Destruction of Armenian Heritage Sites in Azerbaijan."] ''The Cornell Diplomat'' 9 (2023). This wide-spread destruction has taken place since at least the late 1990s, primarily in Nagorno-Karabakh and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan, eliminating millennia of artifacts and altering the ethnic and cultural makeup of the region in a manner that may constitute cultural genocide.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Der Matossian |first=Bedross |date=2023-08-01 |title=Impunity, Lack of Humanitarian Intervention, and International Apathy: The Blockade of the Lachin Corridor in Historical Perspective |url=https://utpjournals.press/doi/10.3138/GSI-2023-0008 |journal=[[Genocide Studies International]] |language=en |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=7–20 |doi=10.3138/GSI-2023-0008 |issn=2291-1847 |quote=There is no doubt that a cultural genocide is taking place in Artsakh where the vandalism or destruction of Armenian monuments has become the norm. |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Falcone |first=Daniel |date=6 January 2024 |title=Armenians Suffering in Nagorno-Karabakh Are Going Largely Ignored in US Media |url=https://truthout.org/articles/armenians-suffering-in-nagorno-karabakh-are-going-largely-ignored-in-us-media/ |access-date=20 February 2024 |website=[[Truthout]] |language=en-US |quote=In this under-reported case of cultural genocide involving political persecution, strains on due process rights, torture, lack of healthcare and food supplies, tens of thousands of ethnic Armenians have fled from Nagorno-Karabakh region after surrendering to Azerbaijan on September 20. |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> and condemned by the [[International Court of Justice]] and [[European Parliament]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Texts adopted - Destruction of cultural heritage in Nagorno-Karabakh - Thursday, 10 March 2022 |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2022-0080_EN.html |access-date=29 January 2024 |website=www.europarl.europa.eu |language=en |quote=The European Parliament{{nbsp}}... calls on Azerbaijan to fully implement the provisional decision of the ICJ, in particular by 'refraining from suppressing the Armenian language, destroying Armenian cultural heritage or otherwise eliminating the existence of the historical Armenian cultural presence or inhibiting Armenians’ access and enjoyment thereof' and by 'restoring or returning any Armenian cultural and religious buildings and sites, artefacts or objects'; |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> The destruction of thousands of medieval Armenian Churches, [[khachkars]] and gravestones at [[Armenian cemetery in Julfa|the Armenian cemetery]] in [[Julfa, Azerbaijan (city)|Julfa]] is a prominent example.<ref name="AutoCK-7"/><ref name="AutoCK-8" /><ref name="LA Times">{{cite news |last=Womack |first=Catherine |date=7 November 2019 |title=Historic Armenian monuments were obliterated. Some call it 'cultural genocide' |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/story/2019-11-07/armenian-monuments-azerbaijan |newspaper=[[LA Times]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
* Turkey's destruction of [[Armenian cultural heritage in Turkey]] both during as well as in the decades after the [[Armenian genocide]].<ref name="genocide-museum.am" /><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=12 October 2023 |title=The Cultural Genocide Against Armenians |url=https://time.com/6322574/cultural-genocide-armenia-nagorno-karabakh-essay/ |access-date=6 February 2024 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|TIME]] |language=en |quote=This is how cultural genocide plays out. A little more than 100 years ago was the Armenian Genocide waged by the Ottoman Empire, followed by largescale looting, vandalization, and destruction of Armenian sites across what is now modern-day Turkey. The prospect of a second cultural genocide is now on the table. Except now, Armenians will watch the spectacle unfold online, enduring the trauma site by site and monument by monument. |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
* Historian Sarah Cameron believes that while the [[Kazakh famine of 1931–1933]] combined with a campaign against nomads was not genocide in the sense of the Genocide Convention's definition, it complies with Raphael Lemkin's original concept of genocide, which considered destruction of culture to be as genocidal as physical annihilation.<ref name="wheatcroft" /> 
* [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese occupation of Korea]]. Japan's extensive policy of cultural genocide included [[Sōshi-kaimei|forcibly changing Korean names to Japanese names]], the exclusive use of the Japanese language, school instruction in the Japanese "ethical system", and [[Shinto]] worship.<ref name="AutoCK-9" />
* The [[Sinicization of Tibet]] from the 1950s onwards. Following the [[1959 Tibetan uprising]], 97% of Tibet's monasteries were destroyed, while 2 million Tibetans, including 500,000 nomadic farmers, were relocated to newly created urban centers.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Sandhar |first=Jaspreet |title=Cultural Genocide in Tibet: The Failure of Article 8 of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Protecting the Cultural Rights of Tibetans |journal=Santander Art and Cultural Law Review |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=175–198 |date=2005 |url=https://www.ejournals.eu/SAACLR/2015/2(2015)/art/6788/ |access-date=3 March 2013 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
* The Japanese [[Dialect card|ban and discrimination]] which the [[Ainu people|Ainu]] and [[Ryukyuan people|Ryukyuan]] cultures have been subjected to as well as other regional cultures.
* The [[Four Olds|"Destruction of the Four Olds"]] in the People's Republic of China during the [[Cultural Revolution]], in which [[Red Guards]] destroyed various religious, cultural, and historical sites throughout the country, especially in Beijing as well as in the [[Temple of Confucius, Qufu|Temple of Confucius]] in Shandong.<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacFarquhar |first1=Roderick |last2=Schoenhals |first2=Michael |title=Mao's Last Revolution |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-674-02332-1}}</ref>
*[[Democratic Kampuchea]] (1975–1979), particularly its policies towards both the [[Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970)]] and the [[Khmer Republic|Khmer Republic (1970–1975)]].
*The newly-reunified [[Vietnam]] after the [[Fall of Saigon|end]] of the [[Vietnam War]], particularly its policies towards [[South Vietnam]].
*The persecution of [[Sri Lankan Tamils]] during the [[Sri Lankan civil war|Sri Lankan Civil War]] was a campaign of [[ethnic cleansing]] which was sponsored by the government and it has continued until the present day as a part of the Sinhalisation of the northern and eastern parts of the island.
*The [[Islamic State|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]]'s [[Forced conversion|forcible conversions]] in its territory as well as its destruction of ancient [[Assyria]]n, [[Rome|Roman]], [[Yazidi]] and Christian heritage sites and museums.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cultural Genocide Funds ISIS Art-for-Weapons Trade |url=https://chargedaffairs.org/cultural-genocide-funds-isis-art-for-weapons-trade/ |website=Charged Affairs |date=7 March 2017 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
*The [[persecution of Uyghurs in China]]. Some one million members of [[Islam in China|China's Muslim]] [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]] minority have been detained in massive [[Xinjiang re-education camps|detention camps]], termed "[[Re-education through labor|reeducation camps]]", which exist for the purpose of changing the political thinking, identities and religious beliefs of the detainees, under the guise of "[[anti-terrorism]]".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cronin-Furman |first=Kate |title=China Has Chosen Cultural Genocide in Xinjiang—For Now |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/09/19/china-has-chosen-cultural-genocide-in-xinjiang-for-now/ |access-date=20 September 2018 |work=[[Foreign Policy]] |date=19 September 2018 |language=en |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> Satellite evidence suggests that China has also razed more than two dozen Uyghur Muslim religious sites to the ground.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kuo |first=Lily |date=7 May 2019 |title=Revealed: new evidence of China's mission to raze the mosques of Xinjiang |url=https://theguardian.com/world/2019/may/07/revealed-new-evidence-of-chinas-mission-to-raze-the-mosques-of-xinjiang |access-date=7 May 2019 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
*The persecution of [[Bengali Hindus]] during the [[Partition of India]] and [[1971 Civil War in Pakistan]] was a campaign of [[ethnic cleansing]] which was sponsored by the government of Pakistan and later by the government of Bangladesh<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hmh.org/education/bangladesh-1971/|title=Bangladesh, 1971 - Holocaust Museum Houston|date=13 July 2023|website=hmh.org}}</ref> and it has continued until the present day as a part of the Islamisation of Bangladesh.
*Israel's [[Destruction of cultural heritage during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip|destruction of cultural heritage in Gaza]] in which Israel deliberately destroyed numerous libraries, museums, mosques, churches, and other heritage sites during the [[Gaza war]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/14/a-cultural-genocide-which-of-gazas-heritage-sites-have-been-destroyed |title=A 'cultural genocide': Which of Gaza's heritage sites have been destroyed? |last=Saber |first=Indlieb Farazi |newspaper=[[Al Jazeera]] |access-date=8 April 2024 |archive-date=27 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127233431/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/14/a-cultural-genocide-which-of-gazas-heritage-sites-have-been-destroyed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Procter |first=Caitln |date=13 March 2024 |title=Israel Is Systematically Destroying Gaza's Cultural Heritage |url=https://jacobin.com/2024/03/israel-gaza-war-cultural-heritage |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502000709/https://jacobin.com/2024/03/israel-gaza-war-cultural-heritage |archive-date=2 May 2024 |access-date=12 May 2024 |website=Jacobin}}</ref>