Editing Corpus Christi College, Oxford (section)

====History and copies====
The Pelican Sundial was designed by Charles Turnball and is sometimes called the Turnball Sundial after him. Turnball lived in Corpus for 8 years, reaching the degree of MA.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=30–31}} He went on to publish the book ''A Perfect and Easie Treatise of the Use of the Coelestial Globe'' in 1585, but it is otherwise unknown what he went on to do.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=30–31}}

The Pelican Sundial was not the first sundial at Corpus. Before it was erected, one had been designed for the college by [[Nicholas Kratzer]], an astrologer and horologer for Henry VIII.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|p=12}} Like Juan Luis Vives, he was probably one of Cardinal Wolsey's lecturers who resided at Corpus while waiting for the completion of Cardinal College.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=11–12}} Kratzer designed many dials, however only three can definitely be attributed to him: fixed ones for the [[University Church of St Mary the Virgin]] and Corpus and a portable one for Cardinal Wolsey. Only Wolsey's survives;{{efn|The dial is currently held by [[Oxford Museum of the History of Science]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/collections/search/displayrecord/?invnumber=54054 | title=Polyhedral Dial, by Nicolaus Kratzer?, English, 1518–30 | website=MHS Collection Database Search | publisher=Museum of the History of Science | id=Inventory Number 54054}}</ref>}}{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|p=14}} Kratzer's Corpus dial stood in the garden until around 1706, when the gardens were remodelled for the construction of the Fellows' Building.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=21–22}} <!-- The St Mary's dial was made with stonemason William East, who also worked on Corpus under the direction of William Vertue.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|p=16}} --><!-- include Hegge's drawing of the dial -->

The dial has required regular maintenance throughout existence. The markings were replaced many times over the centuries and, despite restorations overseen by a professor of natural sciences{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=48–53}} and a historian of science, [[Robert Gunther]],{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=55–57}} more and more errors crept into the pillar's tables. The dial also developed a lean. This was fixed in 1967 after it was discovered that the dial had no solid foundation and that its base was made of stone panels loosely packed with rubble.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=59–61}} In 1976, the sundial was restored (and its tables corrected) to its state {{circa}} 1710 by Philip Pattenden. Since the 1710 tables were designed for the [[Julian calendar]], they have no modern use.{{sfn|Pattenden|1979|pp=64–70}} The sundial was most recently restored in 2016.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.ccc.ox.ac.uk/data/uploads/pelicanrecord%20and%20sundial/Pelican%20Record%202016%20Final%20Copy.pdf | journal=The Pelican Record | publisher=Corpus Christi College, Oxford | volume=LII | date=December 2016 | title=The Corpus Estate | author=<!-- no by-line -->}}</ref>

Two copies of the Pelican Sundial exist in America. The first, the Mather Sundial in [[Princeton University]], was commissioned by [[William Mather]] as a goodwill gesture between the United Kingdom to the United States.{{sfn|Pattenden|1983|p=321}} The second is on the front lawn of [[Pomfret School]] in Connecticut and was donated in 1912 by the father of a graduating student.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=ariall&source=~!siartinventories&uri=full=3100001~!330655~!0#focus | title=Pomfret School Sundial, (sculpture) | work=Art Inventories Catalog | publisher=[[Smithsonian American Art Museum]] | id=Inventory of American Sculpture, Control Number CT000250}}</ref>