Editing Clermont-Ferrand (section)

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===
Clermont-Ferrand has an [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Cfb]]). The city is in the rain shadow of the Chaîne des Puys, giving it one of the driest climates in metropolitan France, except for a few places around the Mediterranean Sea. The mountains also block most of the oceanic influence of the Atlantic, which creates a much more continental climate than in nearby cities west or north of the mountains, like [[Limoges]] and [[Montluçon]]. Thus the city has comparatively cold winters and hot summers. From November to March, frost is very frequent, and the city, being at the bottom of a valley, is frequently subject to [[Inversion (meteorology)|temperature inversion]], in which the mountains are sunny and warm, and the plain is freezing cold and cloudy. Snow is quite common, although usually short-lived and light. Summer temperatures often exceed {{convert|35|°C|0|abbr=on}}, with sometimes violent thunderstorms. The highest temperature was reached in 2019 of {{convert|40.9|°C|1|abbr=on}} while the lowest was {{convert|-29.0|°C|1|abbr=on}}.
{{Weather box
|location = Clermont-Ferrand, elevation: {{convert|331|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1923–present
|collapsed =
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 22.1
|Feb record high C = 25.9
|Mar record high C = 26.6
|Apr record high C = 31.3
|May record high C = 33.0
|Jun record high C = 40.9
|Jul record high C = 40.7
|Aug record high C = 40.4
|Sep record high C = 36.8
|Oct record high C = 33.2
|Nov record high C = 24.7
|Dec record high C = 21.9
|Jan high C = 8.0
|Feb high C = 9.5
|Mar high C = 13.7
|Apr high C = 16.6
|May high C = 20.5
|Jun high C = 24.2
|Jul high C = 26.8
|Aug high C = 26.8
|Sep high C = 22.5
|Oct high C = 17.8
|Nov high C = 12.0
|Dec high C = 8.6
|year high C = 17.3
|Jan mean C = 4.3
|Feb mean C = 5.1
|Mar mean C = 8.3
|Apr mean C = 10.9
|May mean C = 14.8
|Jun mean C = 18.4
|Jul mean C = 20.6
|Aug mean C = 20.6
|Sep mean C = 16.7
|Oct mean C = 13.0
|Nov mean C = 7.9
|Dec mean C = 5.0
|year mean C = 12.1
|Jan low C = 0.6
|Feb low C = 0.6
|Mar low C = 3.0
|Apr low C = 5.3
|May low C = 9.1
|Jun low C = 12.6
|Jul low C = 14.5
|Aug low C = 14.4
|Sep low C = 10.9
|Oct low C = 8.3
|Nov low C = 3.9
|Dec low C = 1.4
|year low C = 7.1
|Jan record low C = -23.1
|Feb record low C = -29.0
|Mar record low C = -21.3
|Apr record low C = -7.1
|May record low C = -4.2
|Jun record low C = 1.0
|Jul record low C = 3.8
|Aug record low C = 2.4
|Sep record low C = -3.0
|Oct record low C = -9.2
|Nov record low C = -11.8
|Dec record low C = -25.8
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 26.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 18.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 26.1
|Apr precipitation mm = 51.1
|May precipitation mm = 66.5
|Jun precipitation mm = 67.5
|Jul precipitation mm = 63.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 62.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 57.5
|Oct precipitation mm = 48.8
|Nov precipitation mm = 46.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 29.1
|year precipitation mm = 563.4
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 6.4
|Feb precipitation days = 5.0
|Mar precipitation days = 6.5
|Apr precipitation days = 8.3
|May precipitation days = 9.4
|Jun precipitation days = 8.0
|Jul precipitation days = 7.4
|Aug precipitation days = 7.5
|Sep precipitation days = 6.7
|Oct precipitation days = 7.8
|Nov precipitation days = 7.8
|Dec precipitation days = 6.4
|year precipitation days = 87.2
|Jan snow days = 4.3
|Feb snow days = 4.8
|Mar snow days = 2.2
|Apr snow days = 0.6
|May snow days = 0.1
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 1.6
|Dec snow days = 4.0
|year snow days = 17.7
|Jan humidity = 79
|Feb humidity = 75
|Mar humidity = 69
|Apr humidity = 69
|May humidity = 72
|Jun humidity = 71
|Jul humidity = 68
|Aug humidity = 70
|Sep humidity = 73
|Oct humidity = 78
|Nov humidity = 78
|Dec humidity = 80
|Jan sun = 84.6
|Feb sun = 109.6
|Mar sun = 165.4
|Apr sun = 179.1
|May sun = 199.7
|Jun sun = 225.2
|Jul sun = 255.6
|Aug sun = 243.2
|Sep sun = 191.4
|Oct sun = 136.0
|Nov sun = 90.3
|Dec sun = 77.7
|year sun = 1957.9
|source 1 = [[Meteo France]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/clermont-ferrand/63113001/normales|title=Climatological Information for Clermont-Ferrand, France|publisher=Meteo France|date=7 August 2019|access-date=4 August 2014|archive-date=30 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630073954/http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/clermont-ferrand/63113001/normales|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web
| url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_63113001.pdf
| title = CLERMONT–FD (63)
| work = Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1991–2020 et records
| publisher = Meteo France
| language = fr
| access-date = 7 August 2019}}</ref>
| source 2 = Infoclimat.fr (relative humidity 1961–1990)<ref name=Infoclimat>{{cite web
| url = http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07460-clermont-ferrand-aulnat.html
| title = Normes et records 1961–1990: Clermont-Ferrand – Aulnat (63) – altitude 339m
| language = fr
| publisher = Infoclimat
| access-date = 7 August 2019
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160402162811/http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07460-clermont-ferrand-aulnat.html
| archive-date = 2 April 2016}}</ref>

}}

===Main sights===
[[File:Notre dame port arrierer 2.JPG|200px|thumb|[[Basilica of Notre-Dame du Port]]|left]]

====Religious architecture====
[[File:Place victoire clermont-ferrand.jpg|thumb|[[Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral|Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral of Notre-Dame de l'Assomption]]]]
Clermont-Ferrand has two famous churches. One is [[Notre-Dame du Port]], a [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] church which was built during the 11th and 12th centuries (the [[bell tower]] was rebuilt during the 19th century). It was nominated as a [[World Heritage Site]] by UNESCO in 1998. The other is [[Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral]] (''Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption de Clermont-Ferrand''), built in [[Gothic architecture|Gothic style]] between the 13th and the 19th centuries.

====Parks and gardens====
[[File:Jardin lecoq clermont-fd.jpg|thumb|left|Lecoq Garden (Jardin Lecoq)|200x200px]]
* Jardin Lecoq
* Parc de Montjuzet
* [[Jardin botanique de la Charme]]
* [[Arboretum de Royat]]
* [[Jardin botanique d'Auvergne]]