Editing Chloroplast (section)

=== Rhodophyta (red chloroplasts) ===
{{See also|Red algae}}
{{plain image with caption|File:Cyanidium O5A.jpg|'''Diversity of red algae''' Clockwise from top left: ''[[Bornetia secundiflora]]'', ''[[Peyssonnelia squamaria]]'', ''[[Cyanidium]]'', ''[[Laurencia]]'', ''[[Callophyllis laciniata]]''. Red algal chloroplasts are characterized by [[phycobilin]] pigments which often give them their reddish color.|400px|right|top|triangle|#ca004d|image override=
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The rhodophyte, or [[red algae]], group is a large and diverse lineage.<ref name="Keeling-2004" /> Rhodophyte chloroplasts are also called ''rhodoplasts'',<ref name="Wise-2006b" /> literally "red chloroplasts".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/rhodo-|title=rhodo-|work=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref> Rhodoplasts have a double membrane with an intermembrane space and [[phycobilin]] pigments organized into [[phycobilisome]]s on the thylakoid membranes, preventing their thylakoids from stacking.<ref name="Kim-2009" /> Some contain [[pyrenoid]]s.<ref name="Wise-2006b" /> Rhodoplasts have [[chlorophyll a|chlorophyll ''a'']] and phycobilins<ref name="Keeling-2010" /> for photosynthetic pigments; the phycobilin [[phycoerythrin]] is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive [[red]] color.<ref name="Campbell-2009f">{{cite book | vauthors=Campbell NA, Reece JB, Urry LA, Cain ML, Wasserman, Minorsky PV, Jackson RB |title=Biology | edition=8th | year=2009 |publisher=Benjamin Cummings (Pearson) | pages=582–92 | isbn=978-0-8053-6844-4 }}</ref> However, since they also contain the blue-green [[chlorophyll a|chlorophyll ''a'']] and other pigments, many are reddish to purple from the combination.<ref name="Wise-2006b" />{{dubious|date=January 2022|Subtractive pigments won't give purple}} The red phycoerytherin pigment is an adaptation to help red algae catch more sunlight in deep water<ref name="Wise-2006b" />—as such, some red algae that live in shallow water have less phycoerythrin in their rhodoplasts, and can appear more greenish.<ref name="Campbell-2009f" /> Rhodoplasts synthesize a form of starch called [[floridean starch]],<ref name="Wise-2006b" /> which collects into granules outside the rhodoplast, in the cytoplasm of the red alga.<ref name="Kim-2009" />

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