Editing Charles Coughlin (section)

=== 1939 ===
[[File:Coughlin-Social-Justice-NYC-Lange.jpeg|thumb|''[[Social Justice (periodical)|Social Justice]]'' magazine on sale in New York City (1939)]]
In 1939, the [[Institute for Propaganda Analysis]] used Coughlin's radio talks to illustrate propaganda methods in their book ''The Fine Art of Propaganda'', which was intended to show propaganda's effects against democracy.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lee|first1=Alfred McClung|last2=Lee|first2=Elizabeth Briant|title=The Fine Art of Propaganda: A Study of Father Coughlin's Speeches|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6R6vxgEACAAJ|year=1939|publisher=Harcourt Brace|oclc=9885192|access-date=August 11, 2019|archive-date=January 2, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102195108/https://books.google.com/books?id=6R6vxgEACAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> Coughlin was praised in January 1939 by ''Regime Fascista'', an Italian newspaper aligned with the [[Fascist Italy|fascist government of Italy]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Father Coughlin Praised By a Fascist Newspaper |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1939/01/17/91545718.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |access-date=2024-11-29 |work=The New York Times |language=en |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

After [[Invasion of Poland|the outbreak of World War II in Europe]] in September 1939, Coughlin appealed to ''Golden Hour'' listeners to travel to Washington D.C. as "an army of peace". His aim was to stop the repeal by Congress of the [[Neutrality Acts of the 1930s|Neutrality Acts]], a series of [[arms embargo|arms embargoes]] passed during the 1930s to ensure American neutrality in a European conflict. This call led Coughlin's opponents to accuse him of stoking [[incitement]] bordering on [[civil war]].{{r|SlateCoughlin}}

Coughlin's call for a march on Washington finally motivated the [[National Association of Broadcasters]] (NAB) to take action against the ''Golden Hour.{{sfn|Marcus|1972|pp=175–176}}'' Fearing FCC intervention, NAB formed a [[Industry self-regulation|self-regulating]] Code Committee that limited the sale of air time to controversial individuals.{{sfn|Marcus|1972|p=176}} The Committee created a code, which was ratified in October 1939, that required all radio broadcasters to submit their scripts to the radio stations for review before broadcast. Stations that did not comply with the code faced the threat of license revocation.<ref>{{Cite news |date=October 15, 1939 |title=Text of First Ruling of Code Compliance Committee |volume=17 |page=13 |work=Broadcasting |issue=8 |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1939/1939-10-15-BC.pdf |access-date=August 7, 2022 |via=World Radio History |archive-date=August 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807221936/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1939/1939-10-15-BC.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=October 6, 1939 |title=Code Compliance Under Way |volume=7 |pages=3753–3754 (1–2) |work=NAB Reports |publisher=National Association of Broadcasters |issue=40 |location=Washington, D.C. |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-NAB-Publications/NAB-Reports/NAB-Reports-1939-Q4.pdf |access-date=August 7, 2022 |via=World Radio History |archive-date=August 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807221936/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-NAB-Publications/NAB-Reports/NAB-Reports-1939-Q4.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> This code was drafted specifically as a response to Coughlin and ''Golden Hour''.{{r|SlateCoughlin}} WJR, WGAR and the Yankee Network, all of which carried ''Golden Hour'', threatened to quit the NAB over the new code, but eventually adopted it.{{Efn|Only four stations rescinded their memberships to the NAB, all of them owned by [[Elliott Roosevelt (general)|Elliot Roosevelt]].{{r|AkronB19391101p 17}}}}<ref name="AkronB19391101p 17">{{Cite news |date=November 1, 1939 |title=C.I.O. Asks Union's Support in 'Voice' Issue |page=17 |newspaper=Akron Beacon Journal |location=Akron, Ohio |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/85388462/cio-asks-unions-support-in-voice/ |access-date=August 6, 2022 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=August 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807221938/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/85388462/cio-asks-unions-support-in-voice/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Evenin19391006p 3">{{Cite news |date=October 6, 1939 |title=Air Ruling Seen As 'Censorship' |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/83693085/air-ruling-seen-as-censorship/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812211921/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/83693085/air-ruling-seen-as-censorship/ |archive-date=August 12, 2022 |access-date=August 6, 2022 |newspaper=The Evening Review |location=East Liverpool, Ohio |page=3 |via=Newspapers.com |agency=Associated Press}}</ref>