Editing Cell division (section)

=== Metaphase ===
In [[metaphase]], the [[centromere]]s of the chromosomes align themselves on the ''metaphase plate'' (or ''equatorial plate''), an imaginary line that is at equal distances from the two [[centrosome]] poles and held together by complexes known as [[cohesin]]s. Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell by [[microtubule organizing center]]s (MTOCs) pushing and pulling on centromeres of both chromatids thereby causing the chromosome to move to the center. At this point the chromosomes are still condensing and are currently one step away from being the most coiled and condensed they will be, and the spindle fibers have already connected to the kinetochores.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/06/070611122252.htm|title=Researchers Shed Light On Shrinking Of Chromosomes|website=ScienceDaily | access-date=2019-04-14}}</ref> During this phase all the microtubules, with the exception of the kinetochores, are in a state of instability promoting their progression toward anaphase.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last1=Walter |first1=Peter |last2=Roberts |first2=Keith |last3=Raff |first3=Martin|last4=Lewis|first4=Julian|last5=Johnson|first5=Alexander|last6=Alberts|first6=Bruce | name-list-style = vanc |date=2002|chapter=Mitosis|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26934/|title=Molecular Biology of the Cell|publisher=Garland Science | edition = 4th}}</ref> At this point, the chromosomes are ready to split into opposite poles of the cell toward the spindle to which they are connected.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Schaum's outlines : genetics|last=Elrod | first = Susan | name-list-style = vanc |date=2010 |publisher=Mcgraw-Hill |isbn=9780071625036 |edition=5th |location=New York |pages=8 |oclc=473440643}}</ref>