Editing Castell (section)

===''Castell'' nomenclature===
[[File:Tarragona, Skulptur -Castellers- -- 2006 -- 3.jpg|thumb|right|''Castellers'' monument in [[Tarragona]].]]
''Castells'' are primarily described by the number of people in each level of the ''tronc'' and the total number of levels and, where applicable, any special construction technique used. Levels are composed of between one and five individuals standing on the shoulders of the level below.

Common terms indicating the number of people for each level of a tower:

* '''''Pilar''''' ''("pillar")'': one person per level
* '''''Torre''''' ''("tower")'': two people per level
* '''''Tres''''' : three people per level
* '''''Quatre''''' : four people per level
* '''''Cinc''''' : five people per level (and so on)

''Castells'' with more than four people per level are composite structures. For example, the levels of a ''cinc'' are not pentagons; instead, the ''cinc'' amounts to a ''tres '' and a ''torre'' fused together (3 + 2 = 5), each level forming a figure-eight shape if seen from above.

Numbers of levels most commonly built:

* '''''Sis''''' : six levels high
* '''''Set''''' : seven levels
* '''''Vuit''''' : eight levels
* '''''Nou''''' : nine levels
* '''''Deu''''' : ten levels

For example, a ''tres de vuit'' (abbreviated 3d8) denotes a tower with three people per level and eight levels. (Only the first five levels will have three people per level. The ''pom de dalt'', see below, is reckoned as making up the top three levels.)

Very high towers and ones with a small number of people on each level normally need extra support from the base or bottom levels. These base levels are frequently indicated as part of the name of the tower. Three kinds of base levels are most commonly used:

* '''''Pinya''''' ''("pine cone/bulk")'': the ground-level base, often composed of several hundred people. Most towers have this, so it is not mentioned in the name. Instead, when a tower is built without a ''pinya'', it is described as ''net'' ("neat" or "simple"). There is furthermore an expression in Catalan called "''fer pinya"'' which is taken from its usage in castells. Literally translating into "making a pinecone" in English, this phrase is not only meaningful for castellers but for the people of Catalonia as a whole. To be a part of a pinya you do not need to be an experienced casteller, anybody can be a part of the base. Thus, "''fer pinya"'' represents the idea of coming together in solidarity to accomplish a goal or task.<ref name=":0" />
* '''''Folre''''' ''("cover"/"lining")'': a second-level base built on top of the ''pinya''. Another layer of reinforcement above the ''pinya'' for the castell. It is always mentioned when used.
* '''''Manilles''''' ''("handles"/"handcuffs")'': a third-level base built on top of the second-level ''folre''. A manille is often use for particularly tall castells (nine or ten levels).<ref name=":0" /> It is always mentioned when used.
* When tall castells are built, for extra challenge, without a ''folre'' and/or ''manilles'' that would usually be used due to their height, this is also mentioned, e.g. ''[[:ca:2 de 9 amb folre|torre de 9 sense manilles]]'' (''torre'' of 9 without ''manilles''), which can also be called ''torre de 9 amb folre'' (''torre'' of 9 with ''folre'', i.e. with only a ''folre'' and no ''manilles'')

The term '''''amb l'agulla''''' ''("with the needle")'' refers to a high column of one person per level which is built inside the main tower. When the ''castell'' is being dismantled, the ''agulla'' must remain standing until the outside part of the ''castell'' is already down.

Terms denoting special construction techniques include:
*'''''aixecat per sota''''' ("raised from below"), in which the castell is built not from the bottom up by climbing, but from the top down with each successive level being boosted onto the shoulders of castellers who join at ground level;
*'''''caminant''''' ("walking"), in which a castell (usually a ''pilar''), and its pinya if any, slowly walk as a unit across the ground. This is often done to enter the site at the beginning of an ''actuació''.

Another aspect of ''castell'' nomenclature refers to how successfully the tower was completed. Four terms are used:
* '''''Descarregat''''' : the tower is completed to the top—that is, to the point where the ''enxaneta'' raises his or her hand in the ''aleta'' gesture—and successfully dismantled
* '''''Carregat''''' : the tower is completed to the top but falls during dismantling
* '''''Intent''''' : the tower falls before it is completed to the top
* '''''Intent desmuntat''''' : the tower is not completed to the top but is successfully dismantled (because the tower is observed to be unstable and likely to fall)