Editing Carniola (section)

===March of Carniola===
{{main article|March of Carniola|Windic march}}
[[File:HRR 10Jh.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The ''Mark Krain'' (March of Carniola) was in the southeast of the 10th-century Holy Roman Empire. Its namesake and capital was [[Krainburg]] (now Kranj).]]
Carniola was governed by the Franks about the year 788, and was Christianized by missionaries from the [[Patriarchate of Aquileia (Episcopal)|Patriarchate of Aquileia]] and others. When [[Charlemagne]] established the [[margraviate of Friuli]], he added to it a part of Carniola. After the division of [[Friuli]], it became an independent [[margraviate of Carniola|margraviate]], having its own Slavic margrave residing at [[Kranj]], subject to the governor of Bavaria at first, and after 976 to the [[Duchy of Carinthia|Dukes of Carinthia]]. Henry IV gave it to the [[Patriarch of Aquileia]] (1071) and it formed part of the [[Patriarchal State of Friuli]].<ref name=CE/>

Several sources from the [[High Middle Ages]] suggest that there was a common [[Carantania]]n (that is, Carinthian) identity that slowly vanished after the 14th century and was replaced by a regional Carniolan identity.

In the Middle Ages the Church held much property in Carniola, and thus in 974 in Upper and Lower Carniola the [[Bishop of Freising]] became in 974 a feudal lord of the town of [[Škofja Loka]], the [[Bishop of Brixen]] held [[Bled]] and possessions in the [[Bohinj]] Valley, and the [[Bishop of Lavant]] received [[Mokronog]].<ref name=CE/>

Among secular potentates, the Dukes of [[Merano|Meran]], [[County of Gorizia|Gorizia]], [[Babenberg]], and [[Celje|Zilli]] held possessions given to them in fief by the patriarchs of Aquileia. The dukes governed the province for nearly half a century.<ref name=CE/>

Finally Carniola was given in fief with the consent of the patriarch to [[Frederick II of Austria]], who obtained the title of duke in 1245. Frederick was succeeded by Ulrich III, Duke of Carinthia, who married Agnes of [[Counts of Andechs|Andechs]], a relative of the patriarch, and he endowed the churches and monasteries, established the government mint at the town of [[Kostanjevica na Krki|Kostanjevica]], and finally (in 1268) willed to [[Ottokar II of Bohemia|Ottokar II]], [[King of Bohemia]], all his possessions and the government of Carinthia and Carniola.<ref name=CE/>