Editing Carl Michael Bellman (section)

=== Performance and recordings ===

{{further|Bacchi Tempel}}

[[File:Bellmans porträtt, efter teckning av Sergel, Nordisk familjebok.png|thumb|upright|left|Portrait of Bellman, drawn by the sculptor [[Johan Tobias Sergel]], 1792]]

Bellman's informal ''Bacchi Orden'' (Order of Bacchus) was replaced in the 1770s by the more structured Bacchanalian society ''[[Par Bricole]]'', which still exists in the 21st century. It enabled Bellman to publish his book ''[[Bacchi Tempel]]'' in 1783.{{sfn|Lönnroth|2005|pp=147, 242–243, 367}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bellman |first1=Carl Michael |last2=Martin |first2=Elias (illus.) |last3=Martin |first3=Johan Fredrik |author-link1=Carl Michael Bellman |author-link2=Elias Martin |title=Bacchi tempel öpnadt vid en hieltes död |date=1783 |location=Stockholm |oclc=557694799 |language=sv}}</ref> When the tradition of solo performance of his songs died out, ''Par Bricole'' continued to perform his songs as choral pieces.{{sfn|Lönnroth|2005|pp=147, 242–243, 367}}

Bellman's poetry continued to be read and sung throughout the 19th century, contrary to the widespread belief among researchers that he was largely forgotten during this period. His songs were sung especially by the urban bourgeoisie and in fraternities, but also in aristocratic circles and ordinary people in the countryside.<ref name=SD/><ref name=BellmanLevde/> The [[:sv:Orphei Drängar|''Orphei Drängar'' Vocal Society]], named after a phrase in Epistle 14, was founded in Uppsala in 1853; the song became their trademark.<ref>{{cite web|title=From a pastime to a modern male-voice choir|url=http://www.od.se/en/history|publisher=Orphei Drängar Vocal Society|access-date=4 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204140955/http://www.od.se/en/history|archive-date=4 February 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> The ''Epistles'' and ''Songs'' were published in [[chapbook]]s, sung at festivals and performed in a variety of concerts and entertainments. Figures such as Fredman, Ulla Winblad and Movitz, as well as Bellman himself were painted on tavern walls and [[Souvenir|memorabilia]] such as plates, beer [[tankard]]s and [[Hip flask|hipflasks]]. Curiously, Bellman was celebrated at least as enthusiastically in polite and abstemious circles, though with [[Expurgation|bowdlerized]] versions of the songs.<ref name=SD>{{cite news |last1=Stenström |first1=Johan |title=Bellman levde på 1800-talet |trans-title=Bellman was alive in the 19th century |url=http://www.svd.se/kultur/litteratur/1800-talet-en-sorgfri-tid-for-bellman_4135579.svd |newspaper=[[Svenska Dagbladet]] |access-date=1 February 2015 |date=25 January 2010}}</ref><ref name=BellmanLevde>{{cite book |last1=Stenström |first1=Johan |title=Bellman levde på 1800-talet |trans-title=Bellman was alive in the 19th century |date=2009 |publisher=Atlantis |isbn=978-91-7353-342-3 |url=http://libris.kb.se/bib/11447283 |language=sv}}</ref>

Major interpreters of Bellman's songs include [[Sven-Bertil Taube]], who helped to start the 1960s Bellman renaissance; [[Fred Åkerström]], who brought a fresh earthiness to Bellman interpretation; and the Dutch-born [[Cornelis Vreeswijk]], who fitted Bellman to the style of American [[blues]].{{sfn|Hägg|1996|p=162}}{{sfn|Lönnroth|2005|pp=367–368}} Other recordings have been made by [[Evert Taube]], and as rock music by [[Joakim Thåström]], [[Candlemass (band)|Candlemass]] or [[Marduk (band)|Marduk]]. They are also performed as [[Choir|choral music]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Carl Michael Bellman (1740–1795) |url=http://www.classicalarchives.com/composer/2162.html |publisher=Classical Archives |access-date=20 January 2015}}</ref> and as [[drinking song]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tititudorancea.com/z/drinking_song.htm |title=Drinking Songs |website=The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin |access-date=20 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="Musica Sveciae">{{cite web |last1=Various Artists |title=Carl Michael Bellman (1740-1795): Sånger och Epistlar / Songs and Epistles |url=http://www.musikaliskaakademien.se/verksamhet/musicasveciae/musiken/sanger/sanger/bellmansangerochepistlar.272.html |publisher=Kungliga Musikaliska Akademien |access-date=31 May 2019 |quote=2 CDs, 42 songs, 16 artists: [[Olle Adolphson]], Leif Bergman, Anders Börje, [[William Clauson]], Jerker Engblom, [[Tommy Körberg]], [[Mikael Samuelson]], Aksel Schiøtz, Sven Scholander, Folke Sällström, [[Evert Taube]], [[Sven-Bertil Taube]], [[Cornelis Vreeswijk]], [[Lena Willemark]], [[Fred Åkerström]], Pelle Ödman.}}</ref> [[Martin Bagge]] has recreated Bellman's dramatic style complete with period costume.{{sfn|Lönnroth|2005|p=369}} In 2020, [[Uppsala]] stadsteater and [[Västmanland]]s Teater created ''Bellman 2.0'', a costumed theatre concert, directed by Nikolaj Cederholm with ''Fredman's Epistles'' and ''Fredman's Songs'' arranged by Kåre Bjerkø for guitar, electric guitar, double bass, cello, tuba, clarinet, drumkit and percussion, keyboards, accordion, and five voices.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bellman 2.0, premiär i Uppsala hösten 2020 |url=https://via.tt.se/pressmeddelande/bellman-20-premiar-i-uppsala-hosten-2020?publisherId=3235608&releaseId=3270942 |website=Via TT |access-date=9 December 2021 |date=25 February 2020}}</ref><ref name="Västmanlands Teater 2020">{{cite web |title=GB Studioinspelning – Bellman 2.0 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgqEvSffl6o |publisher=Västmanlands Teater |access-date=9 December 2021 |date=6 April 2020}}</ref>