Editing Capital punishment (section)

===Enlightenment philosophy===
While during the Middle Ages the expiatory aspect of the death penalty was taken into account, this is no longer the case under the [[Lumières]]. These define the place of man within society no longer according to a divine rule, but as a contract established at birth between the citizen and the society, it is the [[Contractualism|social contract]]. From that moment on, capital punishment should be seen as useful to society through its dissuasive effect, but also as a means of protection of the latter vis-à-vis criminals.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kashiwazaki |first=Masanori |date=2021 |title=Improvement as the Foundation of Liberty: Locke on Labour, Equality, and Civic Membership |url=https://ojs.lib.uwo.ca/index.php/locke/article/view/11110 |journal=Locke Studies |language=en |volume=21 |pages=56–87–56–87 |doi=10.5206/ls.2021.11110 |s2cid=250934172 |issn=2561-925X|doi-access=free }}</ref>