Editing Candide (section)

=== Chapters I–X ===
The tale of ''Candide'' begins in the castle of the Baron Thunder-ten-Tronckh in [[Westphalia]], home to the Baron's daughter, Lady Cunégonde; his [[Illegitimacy|bastard]] nephew, Candide; a tutor, Pangloss; a [[maid|chambermaid]], Paquette; and the rest of the Baron's family. The [[protagonist]], Candide, is romantically attracted to Cunégonde. He is a young man of "the most unaffected simplicity" ({{lang|fr|l'esprit le plus simple}}), whose face is "the true index of his mind" ({{lang|fr|sa physionomie annonçait son âme}}).<ref name = aldridge251254/> Dr. Pangloss, professor of "{{lang|fr|métaphysico-théologo-cosmolonigologie}}" (English: "[[Metaphysics|metaphysico]]-[[Theology|theologo]]-cosmolonigology") and self-proclaimed optimist, teaches his pupils that they live in the "[[best of all possible worlds]]" and that "all is for the best".

[[File:VoltaireCandidFrontis+Chap01-1762.jpg|thumb|[[Book frontispiece|Frontispiece]] and first page of chapter one of an early English translation by T. Smollett (et al.) of [[Voltaire]]'s ''Candide'', London, printed for [[John Newbery|J. Newbery]] (et al.), 1762.]]
All is well in the castle until Cunégonde sees Pangloss sexually engaged with Paquette in some bushes. Encouraged by this show of affection, Cunégonde drops her handkerchief next to Candide, enticing him to kiss her. For this infraction, Candide is evicted from the castle, at which point he is captured by [[Bulgars|Bulgar]] ([[Prussia]]n) recruiters and coerced into military service, where he is [[Flagellation|flogged]], nearly [[Capital punishment|executed]], and forced to participate in a major battle between the Bulgars and the Avars (an [[allegory]] representing the Prussians and the French). Candide eventually escapes the army and makes his way to Holland where he is given aid by Jacques, an [[Anabaptist]], who strengthens Candide's optimism. Soon after, Candide finds his master Pangloss, now a beggar with [[syphilis]]. Pangloss reveals he was infected with this disease by Paquette and shocks Candide by relating how Castle Thunder-ten-Tronckh was destroyed by Bulgars, that Cunégonde and her whole family were killed, and that Cunégonde was [[rape]]d before her death. Pangloss is cured of his illness by Jacques, losing one eye and one ear in the process, and the three set sail to [[Lisbon]].

In Lisbon's harbor, they are overtaken by a vicious storm which destroys the boat. Jacques attempts to save a sailor, and in the process is thrown overboard.<ref>The 1569 story of [[Dirk Willems]] illustrated by [[Mennonite]] [[Jan Luyken]] in ''[[Martyrs Mirror]]'' (1685).</ref> The sailor makes no move to help the drowning Jacques, and Candide is in a state of despair until Pangloss explains to him that Lisbon harbor was created in order for Jacques to drown. Only Pangloss, Candide, and the "brutish sailor" who let Jacques drown<ref name="Smollett 2008, Ch. 4">Smollett (2008), Ch. 4. ("{{lang|fr|matelot furieux}}")</ref> survive the wreck and reach Lisbon, which is promptly hit by [[1755 Lisbon earthquake|an earthquake, tsunami, and fire]] that kill tens of thousands. The sailor leaves in order to loot the rubble while Candide, injured and begging for help, is lectured on the optimistic view of the situation by Pangloss.

The next day, Pangloss discusses his optimistic philosophy with a member of the [[Portuguese Inquisition]], and he and Candide are arrested for heresy, set to be tortured and killed in an "{{lang|pt|[[auto-da-fé]]}}" set up to appease God and prevent another disaster. Candide is flogged and sees Pangloss hanged, but another earthquake intervenes and he escapes. He is approached by an old woman,<ref>Ch. 7. ("{{lang|fr|la vieille}}")</ref> who leads him to a house where Lady Cunégonde waits, alive. Candide is surprised: Pangloss had told him that Cunégonde had been raped and [[Disembowelment|disemboweled]]. She had been, but Cunégonde points out that people survive such things. However, her rescuer sold her to a Jewish merchant, Don Issachar, who was then threatened by a corrupt [[Grand Inquisitor]] into sharing her (Don Issachar gets Cunégonde on Mondays, Wednesdays, and the [[Shabbat|sabbath day]]). Her owners arrive, find her with another man, and Candide kills them both. Candide and the two women flee the city, heading to the Americas.<ref name = ayer143145/> Along the way, Cunégonde falls into self-pity, complaining of all the misfortunes that have befallen her.