Editing Cádiz (section)

=== Al-Andalus ===
Under [[Moors|Moorish]] rule between 711 and 1262, the city was called ''Qādis'', whence the modern [[Spanish naming customs|Spanish]] name was derived. A famous Muslim legend developed concerning an "[[Idol of Cadiz|idol]]" (''sanam Qādis'') over 100 [[cubit]]s tall on the outskirts of Cádiz whose magic blocked the [[strait of Gibraltar]] with contrary winds and currents; its destruction by [[Abd-al-Mumin]] {{circa|lk=no|1145}} supposedly permitted ships to sail through the strait once more. It also appeared (as ''Salamcadis'') in the 12th-century [[Turpin (archbishop of Rheims)|Pseudo-Turpin]]'s [[Historia Caroli Magni|history of Charlemagne]], where it was considered a statue of [[Muhammad]] and thought to warn the Muslims of Christian invasion.<ref>Archbishop Turpin (ascribed). Thomas Rodd, translator (1812). ''History of Charles the Great and Orlando'', [https://archive.org/details/historycharlesg00roddgoog/page/n20 p. 6]. London: James Compton. Accessed 23 July 2013.</ref> Classical sources are entirely silent on such a structure, but it has been conjectured that the origin of the legend was the ruins of a navigational aid constructed in [[late antiquity]].<ref name=atat>{{cite journal |last1=Fear |first1=A. T. |title=The Tower of Cádiz |date= 1990 |journal=Faventia: Revista de Filologia Clàssica |volume=12–13 (1990–1991) |pages=199–211 |issn=2014-850X |url=https://raco.cat/index.php/Faventia/article/view/50753}} [https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/faventia/02107570v12-13/02107570v12-13p199.pdf PDF link]</ref> Abd-al-Mumin (or Admiral Ali ibn-Isa ibn-Maymun) found that the idol was gilded bronze rather than pure gold, but coined what there was to help fund his revolt.<ref>Ahmed ibn Mohammed al-Makkari. Pascual De Gauangos, ed. & translator (2002). ''The History of the Mohammadan Dynasties in Spain''. Vol. I, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Hxkigx8ACfQC&pg=PA78 p. 78]. Routledge Accessed 23 July 2013.</ref> In 1217, according to the ''[[De itinere Frisonum]]'' the city was raided by a group of [[Frisians|Frisian]] crusaders en route to the [[Holy Land]] who burned it and destroyed its congregational mosque.<ref>Villegas-Aristizábal, Lucas, "A Frisian Perspective on Crusading in Iberia as Part of the Sea Journey to the Holy Land, 1217–1218," ''Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History'', 3rd Series 15 (2018, Pub. 2021): 88-149. eISBN 978-0-86698-876-6</ref> The Moors were ousted by [[Alphonso X]] of [[Crown of Castile|Castile]] in 1262.

Historically, there was a [[Jewish]] community living in Cádiz under Muslim rule.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cádiz, Spain |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/cdiz |website=Jewish Virtual Library |access-date=26 June 2024}}</ref>