Editing Book of Kells (section)

===Contents===
The extant book contains preliminary matter, the complete text of the Gospels of [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]], [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] and [[Gospel of Luke|Luke]], and the [[Gospel of John]] through John 17:13.<ref>Henry 1974, 176.</ref> The remaining preliminary matter consists of two fragmentary lists of [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] names contained in the Gospels, ''Breves causae'' (Gospel summaries), ''Argumenta'' (short biographies of the Evangelists), and [[Eusebius of Caesarea|Eusebian]] [[Ammonian Sections|canon tables]]. It is probable that, like the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Books of Durrow and Armagh, part of the lost preliminary material included the [[Letter of Jerome to Pope Damasus|letter of Jerome to Pope Damasus I]] beginning ''Novum opus'', in which [[Jerome]] explains the purpose of his translation. It is also possible, though less likely, that the lost material included the letter of Eusebius to Carpianus, in which he explains the use of the canon tables.<ref name="Henry153">Henry 1974, 153.</ref> Of all the insular Gospels, only the Lindisfarne manuscript contains this letter.
[[File:KellsFol005rCanonTable.jpg|thumb|left|Folio 5r contains a page of the [[Eusebian Canons]].]]
There are two fragments of the lists of Hebrew names; one on the recto of the first surviving folio and one on folio 26, which is currently inserted at the end of the prefatory matter for John. The first list fragment contains the end of the list for the Gospel of Matthew. The missing names from Matthew would require an additional two folios. The second list fragment, on folio 26, contains about a fourth of the list for Luke. The list for Luke would require an additional three folios. The structure of the quire in which folio 26 occurs is such that it is unlikely that there are three folios missing between folios 26 and 27, so that it is almost certain that folio 26 is not now in its original location. There is no trace of the lists for Mark and John.<ref>Henry 1974, 153, n.28.</ref>

The first list fragment is followed by the canon tables of [[Eusebius of Caesarea]]. These tables, which predate the text of the Vulgate, were developed to cross-reference the Gospels. Eusebius divided the Gospel into chapters and then created tables that allowed readers to find where a given episode in the life of Christ was located in each of the Gospels. The canon tables were traditionally included in the prefatory material in most medieval copies of the Vulgate text of the Gospels. The tables in the Book of Kells are however unusable, first because the scribe condensed the tables in such a way as to make them confused. Second and more importantly, the corresponding chapter numbers were never inserted into the margins of the text, making it impossible to find the sections to which the canon tables refer. The reason for the omission remains unclear: the scribe may have planned to add the references upon the manuscript's completion, or he may have deliberately left them out so as not to spoil the appearance of pages.<ref name="Henry153"/><ref>Brown 1980, 75.</ref>

[[File:KellsFol019vBrevCausLuke.jpg|thumb|Folio 19v contains the beginning of the ''Breves causae'' of Luke.]]

The ''Breves causae'' and ''Argumenta'' belong to a pre-Vulgate tradition of manuscripts. The ''Breves causae'' are summaries of the [[Vetus Latina|Old Latin translations]] of the Gospels and are divided into numbered chapters. These chapter numbers, like the numbers for the canon tables, are not used on the text pages of the Gospels. It is unlikely that these numbers would have been used, even if the manuscript had been completed, because the chapter numbers corresponded to old Latin translations and would have been difficult to harmonise with the Vulgate text. The ''Argumenta'' are collections of legends about the Evangelists. The ''Breves causae'' and ''Argumenta'' are arranged in a strange order: first, come the ''Breves causae'' and ''Argumenta'' for Matthew, followed by the ''Breves'' and ''Argumenta'' for Mark, then, quite oddly, come the ''Argumenta'' of both Luke and John, followed by their ''Breves causae''. This anomalous order mirrors that found in the Book of Durrow, although in the latter instance, the misplaced sections appear at the very end of the manuscript rather than as part of a continuous preliminary.<ref name="Henry153"/> In other insular manuscripts, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels, the Book of Armagh, and the Echternach Gospels, each Gospel is treated as a separate work and has its preliminaries immediately preceding it.<ref>Calkins 1983, 79.</ref> The slavish repetition in Kells of the order of the ''Breves causae'' and ''Argumenta'' found in Durrow led scholar [[T. K. Abbott]] to conclude that the scribes of Kells had either the Book of Durrow or a common model in hand.