Editing Bird of prey (section)

==Migration==
Migratory behaviour evolved multiple times within accipitrid raptors.
[[File:Strait of Messina from Dinnammare.jpg|thumbnail| An obliged point of transit of the [[Migration (birds)|migration]] of the birds of prey is the bottleneck-shaped [[Strait of Messina]], [[Sicily]], here seen from Dinnammare mount, [[Peloritani]].]]
The earliest event occurred nearly 14 to 12&nbsp;million years ago. This result seems to be one of the oldest dates published so far in the case of birds of prey.<ref name="phy"/> For example, a previous reconstruction of migratory behaviour in one ''Buteo'' clade<ref name="phy6"/> with a result of the origin of migration around 5&nbsp;million years ago was also supported by that study.

Migratory species of raptors may have had a southern origin because it seems that all of the major lineages within Accipitridae had an origin in one of the biogeographic realms of the Southern Hemisphere. The appearance of migratory behaviour occurred in the tropics parallel with the range expansion of migratory species to temperate habitats.<ref name="phy"/> Similar results of southern origin in other taxonomic groups can be found in the literature.<ref name=origin>{{cite journal |last1=Joseph |first1=Leo |last2=Lessa |first2=Enrique P. |last3=Christidis |first3=Leslie |title=Phylogeny and biogeography in the evolution of migration: shorebirds of the Charadrius complex |journal=Journal of Biogeography |date=March 1999 |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=329–342 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-2699.1999.00269.x |bibcode=1999JBiog..26..329J |s2cid=86547121 }}</ref><ref name=origin2>{{cite journal |last1=Outlaw |first1=Diana C. |last2=Voelker |first2=Gary |last3=Mila |first3=Borja |last4=Girman |first4=Derek J. |title=Evolution of Long-Distance Migration in and Historical Biogeography of Catharus Thrushes: A Molecular Phylogenetic Approach |journal=The Auk |date=2003 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=299 |doi=10.1642/0004-8038(2003)120[0299:EOLMIA]2.0.CO;2 |jstor=4090182 |s2cid=53002864 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=origin3>{{cite journal |last1=Milá |first1=Borja |last2=Smith |first2=Thomas B. |last3=Wayne |first3=Robert K. |title=Postglacial population expansion drives the evolution of long–distance migration in a songbird |journal=Evolution |date=November 2006 |volume=60 |issue=11 |pages=2403–2409 |doi=10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01875.x |pmid=17236431 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Distribution and biogeographic history highly determine the origin of migration in birds of prey. Based on some comparative analyses, diet breadth also has an effect on the evolution of migratory behaviour in this group,<ref name="phy"/> but its relevance needs further investigation. The evolution of migration in animals seems to be a complex and difficult topic with many unanswered questions.

A recent study discovered new connections between migration and the ecology, life history of raptors. A brief overview from abstract of the published paper shows that "clutch size and hunting strategies have been proved to be the most important variables in shaping distribution areas, and also the geographic dissimilarities may mask important relationships between life history traits and migratory behaviours. The West Palearctic-Afrotropical and the North-South American migratory systems are fundamentally different from the East Palearctic-Indomalayan system, owing to the presence versus absence of ecological barriers."<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last1=Nagy |first1=Jenő |last2=Végvári |first2=Zsolt |last3=Varga |first3=Zoltán |title=Life history traits, bioclimate, and migratory systems of accipitrid birds of prey (Aves: Accipitriformes) |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |date=1 May 2017 |volume=121 |issue=1 |pages=63–71 |doi=10.1093/biolinnean/blw021 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Maximum entropy modelling can help in answering the question: why species winters at one location while the others are elsewhere. Temperature and precipitation related factors differ in the limitation of species distributions. "This suggests that the migratory behaviours differ among the three main migratory routes for these species"<ref name=":0" /> which may have important conservational consequences in the protection of migratory raptors.