Editing Biomedical engineering (section)

== Genetic engineering ==
{{Main|Genetic engineering}}

Genetic engineering, recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM) and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct manipulation of an organism's genes. Unlike traditional breeding, an indirect method of genetic manipulation, genetic engineering utilizes modern tools such as molecular cloning and transformation to directly alter the structure and characteristics of target genes. Genetic engineering techniques have found success in numerous applications. Some examples include the improvement of crop technology (''not a medical application'', but see [[biological systems engineering]]), the manufacture of synthetic human insulin through the use of modified bacteria, the manufacture of erythropoietin in hamster ovary cells, and the production of new types of experimental mice such as the oncomouse (cancer mouse) for research.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

=== Neural engineering ===
[[Neural engineering]] (also known as neuroengineering) is a discipline that uses engineering techniques to understand, repair, replace, or enhance neural systems. Neural engineers are uniquely qualified to solve design problems at the interface of living neural tissue and non-living constructs. Neural engineering can assist with numerous things, including the future development of prosthetics. For example, cognitive neural prosthetics (CNP) are being heavily researched and would allow for a chip implant to assist people who have prosthetics by providing signals to operate assistive devices.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Andersen |first1=Richard A. |last2=Hwang |first2=Eun Jung |last3=Mulliken |first3=Grant H. |date=2010 |title=Cognitive Neural Prosthetics |journal=Annual Review of Psychology |volume=61 |pages=169–C3 |doi=10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100503 |issn=0066-4308 |pmc=2849803 |pmid=19575625}}</ref>

=== Pharmaceutical engineering ===
[[Pharmaceutical engineering]] is an interdisciplinary science that includes drug engineering, novel drug delivery and targeting, pharmaceutical technology, unit operations of [[chemical engineering]], and pharmaceutical analysis. It may be deemed as a part of [[pharmacy]] due to its focus on the use of technology on chemical agents in providing better medicinal treatment.