Editing Barbados (section)

==== Effects of the English Civil War ====

{{Main|English overseas possessions in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms|Restoration in the English colonies}}
Around the same time, fighting during the [[War of the Three Kingdoms]] and the [[Interregnum (England)|Interregnum]] spilled over into Barbados and Barbadian territorial waters. The island was not [[English overseas possessions in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms|involved in the war]] until after the execution of [[Charles I of England|Charles I]], when the island's government fell under the control of Royalists (ironically the Governor, Philip Bell, remaining loyal to [[Parliament of England|Parliament]] while the Barbadian [[House of Assembly]], under the influence of Humphrey Walrond, supported [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]). To try to bring the recalcitrant colony to heel, the [[Rump Parliament#Commonwealth of England|Commonwealth Parliament]] passed an act on 3 October 1650 prohibiting trade between England and Barbados, and because the island also traded with the Netherlands, further [[Navigation Acts]] were passed, prohibiting any but English vessels trading with [[Dutch Empire#Atlantic|Dutch colonies]]. These acts were a precursor to the [[First Anglo-Dutch War]]. The [[Commonwealth of England]] sent an invasion force under the command of [[George Ayscue|Sir George Ayscue]], which arrived in October 1651. Ayscue, with a smaller force that included Scottish prisoners, surprised a larger force of Royalists, but had to resort to spying and diplomacy ultimately. On 11 January 1652, the Royalists in the House of Assembly led by [[Francis Willoughby, 5th Baron Willoughby of Parham|Lord Willoughby]] surrendered, which marked the end of royalist privateering as a major threat.<ref>Blakemore, Richard J. and Murphy, Elaine. (2018). ''The British Civil Wars at Sea, 1638–1653''. Woodbridge, Suffolk: The Boydell Press. p. 170. {{ISBN|9781783272297}}.</ref> The conditions of the surrender were incorporated into the [[Charter of Barbados]] ([[Oistins#History|Treaty of Oistins]]), which was signed at the Mermaid's Inn, [[Oistins]], on 17 January 1652.<ref>{{cite web |first=Karl |last=Watson |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/barbados_01.shtml |title=The Civil War in Barbados |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202110646/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/barbados_01.shtml |archive-date=2 December 2010 |work=History in-depth |publisher=BBC |date=5 November 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle= Walrond, Humphrey |volume= 59 |last= Pollard |first= Albert |author-link= Albert Pollard |pages= 211-212 |year= 1899 | short=1}}</ref>