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Baikal–Amur Mainline
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==Along the BAM== [[File:Baikal Amur Mainline map EN OSM 20170129.svg|thumb|Major stations of the BAM]] [[File:Rail Terminal and Station Tynda.JPG|thumb|Tynda, the "capital" of BAM]] '''Tayshet''' to '''Lake Baikal''' {{convert|1064|km}}:<ref name=yates/> {| |- | {{0|0,00}}0 || [[Tayshet]]: about {{convert|300|km|abbr=off}} east of [[Krasnoyarsk]], [[Trans-Siberian Railway]], [[M53 highway (Russia)|M53 highway]] to Irkutsk |- | {{0|0,}}129 || Sosnovye Rodniki: timber port; [[Chuna River]] |- | {{0|0,}}142 || Chuna |- | {{0|0,}}269 || [[Vikhorevka]]: railway administration |- | {{0|0,}}282 || Anzebi: {{convert|20|km|adj=on}} spur line to [[Bratsk]] |- | {{0|0,}}330 || Railway runs across the top of the [[Bratsk Dam]] |- | {{0|0,}}463 || Vidim |- | {{0|0,}}546 || Sredneilimskaya on the [[Ust-Ilimsk]] reservoir |- | {{0|0,}}554 || [[Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsky]]: mining town |- | {{0|0,}}575 || Khrebetovaya: branch line north to [[Ust-Ilimsk]] (see branches below); enters Lena basin; [[Kuta River]] |- | {{0|0,}}715 || [[Ust-Kut]]: port on the [[Lena River]] where goods are loaded onto boats for transport north; end of the line until 1974 |- | {{0|0,}}736 || Lena Vostochnaya: east of the Lena, start of the BAM proper from 1974; route turns east southeast |- | {{0|0,}}786 || Zvyozdnaya: first new town built on the BAM |- | {{0|0,}}890 || Kirenga: {{convert|12|km|abbr=off}} east is the larger town of Magistralnyy; [[Kirenga River]] and bridge |- | {{0|0,}}931 || Ul'kan: on the Ulkan branch of the Kirenga |- | 1,005 || Delbichenda: last stop before the {{convert|6.7|km|adj=on}} Baikal Mountain Tunnel (between 1979 and 1984 there was a {{convert|15|km|adj=on}} bypass over the mountain) |- | 1,014 || Daben |- | 1,064 || Lake Baikal |} '''Lake Baikal''' to '''Tynda''' {{convert|1300|km}}: {| | 1,064 || [[Severobaykalsk]]; four small tunnels along the lake |- | 1,104 || [[Nizhneangarsk]]; leave Lake Baikal, northeast along the [[Upper Angara River]] valley |- | 1,257 || [[Novy Uoyan]]: there is talk of building a railroad south from here to the Trans-Siberian; enters Severomuysk Mountains; much permafrost from here to Tynda |- | 1,385–1,400 || [[Severomuysky Tunnel]]: {{convert|15.7|km}} long, very difficult construction; leaves mountain; scenic section with mountains to north and south; much fog |- | 1,484 || [[Taksimo]]: end of electrified section; [[Muya River]] |- | 1,548 || Shivery: leaves [[Buryat Republic]]; [[Vitim]] River |- | 1,577 || Kuanda: official 'completion' of the BAM was celebrated here in September 1984; valley into mountains |- | 1,664 || Kodar: Kodar mountains, {{convert|1.9|km}} tunnel |- | 1,734 || [[Novaya Chara]] |- | 1,879 || Khani: the only BAM town in the [[Sakha Republic]]; northernmost point on the line; route turns south-southeast along the [[Olyokma River]]; enters Amur basin |} '''Tynda''' to '''Komsomolsk''' {{convert|1473|km}}: {| | 2,364 || [[Tynda]]: Branch [[Amur–Yakutsk Mainline|railway]] and [[M56 Lena highway (Russia)|highway M56]] north to Yakutsk; little BAM south to the Trans-Siberian |- | 2,704 || Bridge over [[Zeya Reservoir]]; route heads southeast |- | 3,205 || [[Bureya River]] bridge |- | 3,315 || [[Novy Urgal]]: Branch south to Trans-Siberian |- | 3,403 || east to [[Dusse-Alin Tunnel]]; northeast up the [[Amgun River]] |- | 3,633 || Postyshevo: east |- | 3,697 || [[Evoron Lake]]; southeast to km 3,837: [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur]] |} '''Komsomolsk''' to '''Sovetskaya Gavan''' {{convert|486|km}}: This section was completed by prisoners during [[World War II]], except for the {{convert|19|km|adj=on}} section east of Komsomolsk which was completed in 1974. {| | 3,819 || Komsomolsk; {{convert|1734|m|adj=on}} [[Amur River]] Bridge |- | {{0|00}}0 || Pivan (new zero point) |- | {{0}}51 || Selikhin: Branch |- | {{0}}95–340 || [[Sikhote Alin Mountains]] |- | 403 || [[Mongokhto]] |- | 441 || [[Vanino, Khabarovsk Krai|Vanino]]: port, [[Vanino-Kholmsk train ferry|train ferry to Sakhalin Island]], practical end of passenger service |- | 467 || [[Sovetskaya Gavan]]: naval base |} In April 2008 the state-owned Bamtonnelstroy corporation started work on the new {{convert|3.91|km|adj=on}} single-track [[Kuznetsovsky Tunnel]] to bypass an older tunnel built in 1943–1945.<ref>[http://www.bamts.ru/eng/pro/futurpro/kuznecovskiy.php ''Construction of the new Kuznetsovsky tunnel'', Bamtonnelstroy press service, undated] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306010142/http://www.bamts.ru/eng/pro/futurpro/kuznecovskiy.php |date=2014-03-06 }}. Retrieved: 31 March 2011].</ref> It was opened in December 2012. The old tunnel had difficult gradients; building the new tunnel relieved a bottleneck on the BAM.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/projects-infrastructure/single-view/view/kuznetsovsk-tunnel-shortens-the-bam-corridor.html|access-date=2 February 2013|title=Kuznetsovsk tunnel shortens the BAM corridor|work=[[Railway Gazette International]]}}</ref> The 59.8 bn roubles (about $1.93 bn) project included {{convert|20|km}} of new track. In 2010, [[Vladimir Yakunin|Yakunin]] had said, the stretch between Komsomolsk and Sovetskaya Gavan was the weakest link on the BAM, which, he said, could be carrying 100 million tons of freight a year in 2050.<ref>[http://en.portnews.ru/news/21449/ ''Freight volumes via BAM to reach 100m tons a year by 2050'', Portnews.ru, St Petersburg, 24 March, 2010]. Retrieved: 31 March 2011].</ref> ===Branches=== * 575: Khrebtovaya to Ust-Ilimsk, {{convert|214|km}}: opened in 1970, it runs northeast to serve the [[Ust-Ilimsk Dam]]. *1,257: Novy Uoyan: possible start of line south on east side to Lake Baikal. *2,364: Tynda to the Trans-Siberian at Bamovskaya, {{convert|180|km}} (the 'Little BAM'): this branch was built by prisoners in 1933–37, torn up in 1942 and its rails shipped to the front and rebuilt in 1972–75. *2,364: Tynda to Yakutsk: see [[Amur–Yakutsk Mainline]]. *3,315: Novy Urgal to the Trans-Siberian at Izvestovskaya, {{convert|328|km}}: in the [[Bureya River]] basin, it was built mostly by Japanese POWs. There is a {{convert|32|km}} branch north from Novy Urgal to the [[Chegdomyn]] coal fields. *3,837: Komsomolsk south to Khabarovsk, {{convert|374|km}}; on east side (flood plain) of the Amur. {{convert|99|km}} south: [[Lake Bolon]]. * 51 (line km restart at Komsomolsk): Selikhin to Cherny Mys, {{convert|122|km}}: north along the Amur. Built 1950–53, it was planned to extend this to a tunnel to Sakhalin Island. There is talk of restarting it.
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