Editing Babi Yar (section)

== Trials ==
[[File:Paul Blobel.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Paul Blobel]] at the [[subsequent Nuremberg trials]], March 1948]]

In the aftermath of the war, several SS commanders who had planned and supervised the massacre were arrested and put on trial. [[Paul Blobel]], the overall commander of the SS unit responsible for the massacre, was sentenced to death by the [[Subsequent Nuremberg Trials]] in the [[Einsatzgruppen Trial]]. He was hanged on 7 June 1951 at [[Landsberg Prison]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial, 1945–1958: Atrocity, Law, and History|last=Earl|first=Hilary Camille|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2009|pages=293}}</ref> [[Otto Rasch]] was also indicted in the Einsatzgruppen Trial but his case was discontinued for health reasons, and he died in prison in 1948. [[Friedrich Jeckeln]] was convicted of war crimes by a Soviet military tribunal in the [[Riga Trial]], sentenced to death, and hanged on 3 February 1946. [[Kurt Eberhard]] was arrested by US authorities but committed suicide while in custody in 1947.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mt0mEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Kurt+Eberhard%22+suicide&pg=PT365 | isbn=9781526742278 | title=Myths and Legends of the Eastern Front: Reassessing the Great Patriotic War | date=19 January 2020 | publisher=Pen and Sword }}</ref>

In January 1946, 15 former members of the German police (including [[:de:Paul Scheer (General)|Paul Scheer]]) were tried in Kyiv over their roles in the massacre and other atrocities. Twelve of them were sentenced to death (Fritz Beckenhof, Karl Burckhardt, Georg Heinisch, Wilhelm Hellerforth, Hans Isenmann, Emil Jogschat, Emil Knoll, Willi Meier, Paul von Scheer, Eckart Hans von Tschammer und Osten, Georg Truckenbrod, and Oskar Walliser). The other three received prison sentences. Those condemned to death were publicly hanged in the town square of Kyiv on 29 January 1946.<ref>Documentary ''[[Babi Yar. Context]]'' 2021, director [[Sergey Loznitsa]], {{IMDb title|qid=Q109264697}}.</ref> [[Erich Koch]], who had been ''[[Reichskommissar]]'' of Ukraine at the time, was tried and sentenced to death by a Polish court for his atrocities in occupied Poland. However, he was never tried for his crimes in occupied Ukraine. His death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, and he died in prison in 1986.<ref name="USHMM" />

Two additional perpetrators were given prison sentences at the [[Nuremberg Trials]].<ref name="USHMM" /> In 1967, 11 men were charged for participating in the massacre in a German court in [[Darmstadt]]. After a 14 month trial, seven were convicted and sentenced to prison terms ranging between four and fifteen years.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jta.org/archive/7-ex-nazis-including-babi-yar-murderers-sentenced-to-prison-for-1941-killings |title=7 Ex-nazis, Including Babi Yar Murderers, Sentenced to Prison for 1941 Killings |work=www.jta.org |date=3 December 1968 |access-date=1 March 2022}}</ref> In 1971, three more former German police officials were put on trial in [[Regensburg]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jta.org/archive/three-ex-nazis-charged-with-organizing-massacre-of-jews-at-babi-yar-go-on-trial |title=Three Ex-nazis, Charged with Organizing Massacre of Jews at Babi Yar, Go on Trial |work=www.jta.org |date=7 May 1971 |access-date=1 March 2022}}</ref> The vast majority of the perpetrators were never tried for their roles in the massacre.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/80-years-after-babi-yar-lawyer-seeks-trial-for-last-living-alleged-perpetrator/ |title=80 years after Babi Yar, lawyer seeks trial for last living alleged perpetrator |work=www.timesofisrael.com |access-date=1 March 2022}}</ref>