Editing Arnis (section)

=== Asia-Pacific and the Americas ===

Soldiers and mercenaries trained in the Philippines which were recruited by France which was then in an alliance with Spain, had fought in [[Cambodia]] and [[Vietnam]] justified by defending newly converted Catholic populations from persecutions and had assisted France in establishing [[French Cochinchina]] centered in [[Saigon]].<ref>{{Citation
|url=http://www.nigelgooding.co.uk/Spanish/Cochinchina/cochinchina.htm|title=Filipino Involvement in the French-Spanish Campaign in Indochina|author=Nigel Gooding|access-date=July 4, 2008}}</ref> Also in Asia, at China, during the Taiping Rebellion, Filipinos who were described as Manilamen and were 'Reputed to be brave and fierce fighters' and 'were plentiful in Shanghai and always eager for action' were employed by the Foreign forces as mercenaries to successfully quell the Taiping Rebellion.<ref>Caleb Carr, The devil soldier: the story of Frederick Townsend Ward, New York: Random House, 1992, p. 91.</ref><ref name="Smith p. 29">Smith, Mercenaries and mandarins, p. 29.</ref><ref>
Bryna Goodman, Native place, city, and nation: regional networks and identities in Shanghai, 1853–1937, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995, pp. 72–83.</ref><ref>Carr, Devil soldier, p. 107</ref> In the opposite side of the world at the Americas, descendants of Filipinos were active in the Anti-Imperialist Wars in the Americas. Filipinos living in Louisiana at the independent settlement of Saint Malo were recruited to be soldiers commanded by Jean Lafitte in the defense of New Orleans during the War of 1812 against a Britain attempting to reconquer a rebel America.<ref>{{cite news |first=Rudi |last=Williams |title=DoD's Personnel Chief Gives Asian-Pacific American History Lesson |url=http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=16498 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070615091238/http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=16498|archive-date=June 15, 2007|work=American Forces Press Service |publisher=U.S. Department of Defense |date=June 3, 2005 |access-date=August 26, 2009}}</ref> "Manilamen" recruited from San Blas together with the Argentinian of French descent, Hypolite Bouchard, joined other nationalities living nearby such as Frenchmen, Mexicans and Americans in the assault of Spanish California during the Argentinian War of Independence.<ref>Delgado de Cantú, Gloria M. (2006). Historia de México. México, D. F.: Pearson Educación.</ref><ref>Mercene, Manila men, p. 52.</ref> 
Mexicans of Filipino descent being led by Filipino-Mexican General [[Isidoro Montes de Oca]] assisted [[Vicente Guerrero]] in the Mexican war of independence against Spain. Isidoro Montes de Oca was a celebrated war hero famous for the battle action of the Treasury of Tamo, in Michoacán on September 15, 1818, in which the opposing forces numbered four times greater, yet they were totally destroyed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Guevarra |first1=Rudy P. Jr. |title=Filipinos in Nueva España: Filipino-Mexican Relations, Mestizaje, and Identity in Colonial and Contemporary Mexico |journal=Journal of Asian American Studies |date=2011 |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=389–416 |id={{Project MUSE|456194}} |doi=10.1353/jaas.2011.0029 |s2cid=144426711 }}</ref>