Editing Antisthenes (section)

===Philosophy of language===
[[Image:Antisthenes Lebiedzki Rahl.jpg|right|thumb|Antisthenes, part of a fresco in the [[National and Kapodistrian University of Athens|National University of Athens]]]]
Antisthenes apparently distinguished "a general object that can be aligned with the meaning of the utterance" from "a particular object of extensional reference". This "suggests that he makes a distinction between sense and reference".<ref>{{cite book|last=Prince|first=Susan |title=Antisthenes of Athens: Texts, Translations, and Commentary|publisher=University of Michigan Press |year=2015}} p. 20</ref>  The principal basis of this claim is a quotation in [[Alexander of Aphrodisias]]' “Comments on [[Aristotle]]'s 'Topics'” with a three-way distinction: 
# the semantic medium, {{lang|grc|δι' ὧν λέγουσι}}
# an object external to the semantic medium, {{lang|grc|περὶ οὗ λέγουσιν}}
# the direct indication of a thing, {{lang|grc|σημαίνειν … τὸ …}}}<ref>Prince 2015, pp. 518–522 (Antisthenes's literary remains: t. 153B.1).</ref>