Editing Antigua and Barbuda (section)

==Geography==
{{Main|Geography of Antigua and Barbuda}}
{{Location map many |Antigua and Barbuda
|width    = 300
|caption  = Antigua and Barbuda
|lat1_deg = 17.083333
|lon1_deg = -61.8
|label1   = [[Antigua]]
|lat2_deg = 17.616667
|lon2_deg = -61.8
|label2   = [[Barbuda]]
|lat3_deg = 16.938889
|lon3_deg = -62.341667
|label3   = [[Redonda]]
}}
Limestone formations, rather than volcanic activity, have had the most impact on the topography of both Antigua and Barbuda, which are both relatively low-lying islands. Boggy Peak, also known as Mt. Obama from 2008 to 2016, is the highest point on both Antigua and Barbuda. It is the remnant of a volcanic crater and rises a total of 402 meters. Boggy Peak is located in the southwest of Antigua (1,319 feet).<ref name=Factbook /><ref name=Britannica />

Both of these islands have very irregularly shaped coastlines that are dotted with beaches, lagoons, and natural harbours. There are reefs and shoals that surround the islands on all sides. Because of the low amount of rainfall, there are not many streams. On neither of these islands can sufficient quantities of fresh groundwater be found.<ref name=Factbook />

Redonda is a small, uninhabited island located about 40 kilometres (25 miles) to the south-west of Antigua. Redonda is a rocky island.<ref name=Britannica />

In Antigua and Barbuda [[forest cover]] is about 18% of the total land area, equivalent to 8,120 ha of forests in 2020, down from 10,110 ha in 1990.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/a6e225da-4a31-4e06-818d-ca3aeadfd635/content |title=Terms and Definitions FRA 2025 Forest Resources Assessment, Working Paper 194 |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |year=2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, Antigua and Barbuda |url=https://fra-data.fao.org/assessments/fra/2020/ATG/home/overview |website=Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations}}</ref>

===Islands===
{{Further|List of islands of Antigua and Barbuda}}

Antigua and Barbuda consists mostly of its two namesake islands, [[Antigua]], and [[Barbuda]]. Other than that, Antigua and Barbuda's biggest islands are Guiana Island and Long Island off the coast of Antigua, and [[Redonda]] island, which is far from both of the main islands.

=== Climate ===
Rainfall averages {{convert|990|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} per year, with the amount varying widely from season to season. In general the wettest period is between September and November. The islands generally experience low humidity and recurrent droughts. Temperatures average {{convert|27|°C|1}}, with a range from {{convert|23|°C|1}} to {{convert|29|°C|1}} in the winter to from {{convert|25|°C|1}} to {{convert|30|°C|1}} in the summer and autumn. The coolest period is between December and February.

[[Hurricane]]s are common, including the powerful [[Category 5 hurricane|Category 5]] [[Hurricane Irma]], on 6 September 2017, which damaged 95% of the structures on Barbuda.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/09/06/us/hurricane-irma-puerto-rico-florida/index.html |title=Hurricane Irma: Powerful storm blamed for three deaths |first1=Jason |last1=Hanna |first2=Joe |last2=Sterling |first3=Steve |last3=Almasy |work=ABS TV Radio Antigua & Barbuda |publisher=CNN |date=6 September 2017 |access-date=6 September 2017 |archive-date=24 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624010702/https://www.cnn.com/2017/09/06/us/hurricane-irma-puerto-rico-florida/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Some 1,800 people were evacuated to Antigua.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-irma-islands-20170909-story.html|title=Hurricane Irma leaves Caribbean islands devastated|first=Javier|last=Panzar|date=9 September 2017|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=11 September 2017|archive-date=11 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911110633/http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-irma-islands-20170909-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Officials quoted by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' indicated that over $100&nbsp;million would be required to rebuild homes and infrastructure. Philmore Mullin, Director of Barbuda's National Office of Disaster Services, said that "all critical infrastructure and utilities are non-existent – food supply, medicine, shelter, electricity, water, communications, waste management". He summarised the situation as follows: "Public utilities need to be rebuilt in their entirety... It is optimistic to think anything can be rebuilt in six months ... In my 25 years in disaster management, I have never seen something like this."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/4935433/hurricane-irma-barbuda-antigua-survivors-caribbean/|title='There Is No Home to Go Back to.' Hurricane Irma Flattens Barbuda, Leaving Population Stranded|first=Tara /|last=John|magazine=Time|access-date=11 September 2017|archive-date=11 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911201738/http://time.com/4935433/hurricane-irma-barbuda-antigua-survivors-caribbean/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Environmental issues ===
{{Excerpt|Environmental issues in Antigua and Barbuda}}