Editing Anemia (section)

===Intestinal inflammation===
Certain gastrointestinal disorders can cause anemia. The mechanisms involved are multifactorial and not limited to malabsorption but mainly related to chronic intestinal inflammation, which causes dysregulation of [[hepcidin]] that leads to decreased access of iron to the circulation.<ref name=VermaCherayil2017>{{cite journal | vauthors = Verma S, Cherayil BJ | title = Iron and inflammation – the gut reaction | journal = Metallomics | volume = 9 | issue = 2 | pages = 101–111 | date = February 2017 | pmid = 28067386 | pmc = 5321802 | doi = 10.1039/c6mt00282j | type = Review }}</ref><ref name="GuagnozziLucendo2014">{{cite journal | vauthors = Guagnozzi D, Lucendo AJ | title = Anemia in inflammatory bowel disease: a neglected issue with relevant effects | journal = World Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 20 | issue = 13 | pages = 3542–3551 | date = April 2014 | pmid = 24707137 | pmc = 3974521 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v20.i13.3542 | type = Review | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name=LefflerGreen2015 />
* ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' infection.<ref name="SteinConnor2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Stein J, Connor S, Virgin G, Ong DE, Pereyra L | title = Anemia and iron deficiency in gastrointestinal and liver conditions | journal = World Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 22 | issue = 35 | pages = 7908–7925 | date = September 2016 | pmid = 27672287 | pmc = 5028806 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v22.i35.7908 | type = Review | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* Gluten-related disorders: untreated [[celiac disease]]<ref name=LefflerGreen2015>{{cite journal |last1=Leffler |first1=Daniel A. |last2=Green |first2=Peter H. R. |last3=Fasano |first3=Alessio |title=Extraintestinal manifestations of coeliac disease |journal=Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology |date=October 2015 |volume=12 |issue=10 |pages=561–571 |doi=10.1038/nrgastro.2015.131 |pmid=26260366 |s2cid=15561525 }}</ref><ref name=SteinConnor2016 /> and [[non-celiac gluten sensitivity]].<ref name="CatassiBai2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Catassi C, Bai JC, Bonaz B, Bouma G, Calabrò A, Carroccio A, Castillejo G, Ciacci C, Cristofori F, Dolinsek J, Francavilla R, Elli L, Green P, Holtmeier W, Koehler P, Koletzko S, Meinhold C, Sanders D, Schumann M, Schuppan D, Ullrich R, Vécsei A, Volta U, Zevallos V, Sapone A, Fasano A | title = Non-Celiac Gluten sensitivity: the new frontier of gluten related disorders | journal = Nutrients | volume = 5 | issue = 10 | pages = 3839–3853 | date = September 2013 | pmid = 24077239 | pmc = 3820047 | doi = 10.3390/nu5103839 | type = Review | doi-access = free }}</ref> Anemia can be the only manifestation of celiac disease, in absence of gastrointestinal or any other symptoms.<ref name=NIHConsensus2004>{{cite journal |last1=James |first1=Stephen P. |title=National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference statement on Celiac Disease, June 28–30, 2004 |journal=Gastroenterology |date=April 2005 |volume=128 |issue=4 |pages=S1–S9 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2005.02.007 |pmid=15825115 }}</ref>
* [[Inflammatory bowel disease]].<ref name="Lomer2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lomer MC | title = Dietary and nutritional considerations for inflammatory bowel disease | journal = The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society | volume = 70 | issue = 3 | pages = 329–335 | date = August 2011 | pmid = 21450124 | doi = 10.1017/S0029665111000097 | type = Review | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Gerasimidis2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gerasimidis K, McGrogan P, Edwards CA | title = The aetiology and impact of malnutrition in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease | journal = Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics | volume = 24 | issue = 4 | pages = 313–326 | date = August 2011 | pmid = 21564345 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01171.x | type = Review | doi-access = free }}</ref>