Editing Analytical engine (section)

== Comparison to other early computers ==
If the analytical engine had been built, it would have been [[digital data|digital]], [[computer program|programmable]] and [[Turing completeness|Turing-complete]]. It would, however, have been very slow. Luigi Federico Menabrea reported in ''Sketch of the Analytical Engine'': "Mr. Babbage believes he can, by his engine, form the product of two numbers, each containing twenty figures, in three minutes".{{sfn|Menabrea|Lovelace|1843|p=688}}
By comparison the [[Harvard Mark I]] could perform the same task in just six seconds (though it is debatable that computer is Turing complete; the ENIAC, which is, would also have been faster). A modern CPU could do the same thing in under a billionth of a second.

{{Further|History of computing hardware#Early digital computer characteristics}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name
! First operational
! Numeral system
! Computing mechanism
! [[Computer program|Programming]]
! [[Turing completeness|Turing complete]]
! Memory
|-
! [[Difference engine]]
| Not built until the 1990s (design 1820s)
| [[Decimal]]
| [[Mechanical engineering|Mechanical]]
| Not programmable; initial numerical constants of polynomial differences set physically
| {{No}}
| Physical state of wheels in axes
|-
! Analytical engine
| Not built (design 1830s)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Plan 28 Blog |url=https://blog.plan28.org/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |language=en}}</ref>
| [[Decimal]]
| [[Mechanical engineering|Mechanical]]
| Program-controlled by [[punched card]]s
| {{Yes}} (design; not built, yet)
| Physical state of wheels in axes
|-
! [[Percy Ludgate|Ludgate]]'s analytical engine
| Not built (design 1909)
| [[Decimal]]
| [[Mechanical engineering|Mechanical]]
| Program-controlled by punched cards
| {{Yes}} (not built)
| Physical state of rods
|-
! [[Leonardo Torres y Quevedo#Analytical machines| Torres]]' analytical machine 
| 1920
| [[Decimal]]
| [[Electromechanics|Electro-mechanical]]
| Not programmable; input and output settings specified by patch cables
| {{No}}
| Mechanical [[relay]]s
|-
! [[Z1 (computer)|Zuse Z1]] {{small|(Germany)}}
| 1939
| [[Binary numeral system|Binary]] [[floating-point arithmetic|floating point]]
| [[Mechanical engineering|Mechanical]]
| Not programmable; cipher input settings specified by patch cables
| {{No}}
| Physical state of rods
|-
! [[Bombe]] {{small|(Poland, UK, US)}}
| 1939 ([[Bomba (cryptography)|Polish]]), March 1940 (British), May 1943 (US)
| [[Character (computing)|Character]] computations
| [[Electromechanics|Electro-mechanical]]
| Not programmable; cipher input settings specified by patch cables
| {{No}}
| Physical state of rotors
<!--
|{{rh}}| Arthur H. Dickinson [[IBM]] {{small|(US)}} ||style="text-align:right;" | Jan 1940 || [[Decimal]]|| [[Electronics|Electronic]] || {{No2|Not}} programmable || {{No}}
|-
|{{rh}}| [[Joseph Desch]] [[NCR Corporation|NCR]] {{small|(US)}} ||style="text-align:right;" | March 1940 || [[Decimal]] || [[Electronics|Electronic]] || {{No2|Not}} programmable || {{No}}
-->
|-
! [[Z2 (computer)|Zuse Z2]] {{small|(Germany)}}
| 1940
| [[Binary numeral system|Binary]] [[fixed-point arithmetic|fixed point]]
| [[Electromechanics|Electro-mechanical]] ([[mechanical engineering|mechanical]] memory)
| Program-controlled by punched {{val|35|u=mm}} [[film stock]] (no conditional branch)
| {{No}}
| Physical state of rods
|-
! [[Z3 (computer)|Zuse Z3]] {{small|(Germany)}}
| May 1941
| [[Binary numeral system|Binary]] [[floating-point arithmetic|floating point]]
| [[Electromechanics|Electro-mechanical]]
| Program-controlled by punched {{val|35|u=mm}} [[film stock]] (but no conditional branch)
| In theory {{small|([[Z3 (computer)#Z3 as a universal Turing machine|1998]])}}
| Mechanical relays
|-
! [[Atanasoff–Berry Computer|Atanasoff–Berry computer]] {{small|(US)}}
| 1942
| [[Binary number|Binary]]
| [[Electronics|Electronic]]
| Not programmable; linear system coefficients input using punched cards
| {{No}}
| [[Dynamic random-access memory|Regenerative capacitor memory]]
|-
! [[Colossus computer|Colossus]] Mark 1 {{small|(UK)}}
| December 1943
| [[Binary number|Binary]]
| [[Electronics|Electronic]]
| Program-controlled by patch cables and switches
| {{No}}
| [[vacuum tube|Thermionic valves (vacuum tubes)]] and [[thyratron]]s
|-
! [[Harvard Mark&nbsp;I]]&nbsp;– IBM ASCC {{small|(US)}}
| May 1944
| [[Decimal]]
| [[Electromechanics|Electro-mechanical]]
| Program-controlled by 24-channel [[punched tape|punched paper tape]] (but no conditional branch)
| Debatable
| Mechanical relays<ref>{{cite web |title=The Mark I Computer |url=https://chsi.harvard.edu/markone/function.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710053417/http://chsi.harvard.edu/markone/function.html |archive-date=10 July 2015 |work=[[Collection of Historical Scientific Instruments]] |publisher=[[Harvard University]] |access-date=7 May 2016}}</ref>
<!--
|-
|{{rh}}| [[Colossus computer|Colossus]] Mark 1 {{small|(UK)}} ||style="text-align:right;" | Feb 1944 || Binary || Electronic || Program-controlled by patch cables and switches || {{No|[[Colossus computer#Influence and fate|No]]}}
-->
|-
! [[Colossus computer|Colossus]] Mark 2 {{small|(UK)}}
| 1 June 1944
| Binary
| Electronic
| Program-controlled by patch cables and switches
| Conjectured<ref name="Wells pp. 1383–1405">{{cite journal | last=Wells | first=Benjamin | title=Unwinding performance and power on Colossus, an unconventional computer | journal=Natural Computing | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=10 | issue=4 | date=2010-11-18 | issn=1567-7818 | doi=10.1007/s11047-010-9225-x | pages=1383–1405| s2cid=7492074 }}</ref>
|-
! Zuse [[Z4 (computer)|Z4]] {{small|(Germany)}}
| March 1945 (or 1948)<ref>{{cite web |title=Konrad Zuse—the first relay computer |url=https://history-computer.com/ModernComputer/Relays/Zuse.html |publisher=History of Computers |access-date=7 May 2016}}</ref> 
| [[Binary number|Binary]] [[floating-point arithmetic|floating point]]
| [[Electromechanics|Electro-mechanical]]
| Program-controlled by punched {{val|35|u=mm}} film stock
| [[Z4 (computer)#Construction|In 1950]]
| Mechanical [[relay]]s
|-
! [[ENIAC]] {{small|(US)}}
| <!-- "Feb 1946", no? "completed in 1945 and first put to work for practical purposes on December 10, 1945" --> December 1945
| [[Decimal]]
| [[Electronics|Electronic]]
| Program-controlled by patch cables and switches
| {{Yes}}
| [[Triode|Vacuum tube triode]] [[flip-flop (electronics)|flip-flops]]
|-
<!--
|-
|{{rh}}| [[ENIAC|Modified ENIAC]] {{small|(US)}} ||style="text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;" | April 1948 || Decimal || Electronic || Read-only stored programming mechanism using the Function Tables as program [[Read-only memory|ROM]] || {{Yes}}
|-
|{{rh}}| [[APEXC|ARC2 (SEC)]] {{small|(UK)}} ||style="text-align:right;" | May 1948 || Binary || Electronic || [[Stored-program computer|Stored-program]] in [[drum memory|rotating drum memory]] || {{Yes}}
-->
! [[Manchester Baby]] {{small|(UK)}}
| June 1948
| [[Binary number|Binary]]
| [[Electronics|Electronic]]
| Binary program entered into memory by keyboard<ref>{{cite web |title=The Manchester Small Scale Experimental Machine – "The Baby" |url=https://curation.cs.manchester.ac.uk/computer50/www.computer50.org/mark1/new.baby.html |publisher=[[Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester]] |date=April 1999 |access-date=7 May 2016}}</ref> (first electronic stored-program digital computer)
| {{Yes}}
| [[Williams tube|Williams cathode ray tube]]
<!--
|-
|{{rh}}| [[Manchester Mark 1]] {{small|(UK)}} || style="text-align:right;" | April 1949 || Binary || Electronic || Stored-program in Williams cathode-ray tube memorydand [[drum memory|magnetic drum]] memory|| {{Yes}}
-->
|-
! [[EDSAC]] {{small|(UK)}}
| May 1949
| [[Binary number|Binary]]
| [[Electronics|Electronic]]
| Five-bit opcode and variable-length operand (first stored-program computer offering computing services to a wide community).
| {{Yes}}
| Mercury delay lines
|}