Editing Alstom (section)

=== November 2015 – present ===
[[File:TGM M à gare de Lyon (3) (cropped).jpg|thumb|The [[Avelia Horizon|TGV M]] is expected to enter service with the French train operator SNCF in TGV service in 2025.]]
In November 2015, Alstom was awarded a contract by the Indian Railways to construct an electric locomotive factory in [[Madhepura]] ([[Bihar]]), receiving an initial order of 800 twin-section 9MW locomotives for use on the [[Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor]], valued at ₹190 billion (about US$2.9 billion). This factory was to be operated under a joint venture with the [[Ministry of Railways (India)|Ministry of Railways]] (26%) at a cost of ₹ 13 billion (roughly US$200 million).<ref>{{citation | url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/alstom-to-supply-800-electric-locos-to-indian-railways.html | title = Alstom to supply 800 electric locos to Indian Railways | date = 10 November 2015 | work = www.railwaygazette.com | access-date = 11 November 2015 | archive-date = 14 November 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151114234718/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/alstom-to-supply-800-electric-locos-to-indian-railways.html | url-status = dead }}</ref>

In September 2015, it was announced that [[Amtrak]] would award Alstom a contract for $2.5 billion for the next generation high-speed train sets for the [[Northeast Corridor]]. This would result in the creation of 750 jobs across upstate New York with 400 direct manufacturing jobs at Alstom.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eveningtribune.com/article/20150921/NEWS/150929980 |title=400 New jobs coming to Alstom |first=Jason |last=Jordan |newspaper=The Evening Tribune |date=21 September 2015 |access-date=22 September 2015 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923085445/http://www.eveningtribune.com/article/20150921/NEWS/150929980 |url-status=live }}</ref> The order for 28 [[Avelia Liberty]] trainsets was officially confirmed in August 2016 by Amtrak.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://media.amtrak.com/2016/08/1610/ |title=Amtrack Invests $2.4 Billion for Next-Gen High-speed Transets and Infrastructure Upgrades |publisher=Amtrak |date=25 September 2016 |access-date=5 September 2016 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902122506/http://media.amtrak.com/2016/08/1610/ |url-status=live }}</ref> These trainsets are manufactured at Alstom's plant in [[Hornell, New York]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Amtrak puts $2 billion On the Line |first=Ted |last=Mann |newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=13 May 2019 |page=A3}}</ref>

In March 2016, a joint venture of Alstom and [[Gibela]] began construction of a new {{convert|60000|m2}} train building factory in [[Dunnotar]], outside of [[Johannesburg]], [[South Africa]]. Initial orders for the factory included 580 [[X'Trapolis Mega]] passenger trains for [[Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa]] under a €4 billion contract that was awarded in 2013.<ref>{{citation| url = http://www.europeanrailwayreview.com/26686/rail-industry-news/alstom-jv-begins-construction-south-africa-train-manufacturing-site/| date = 7 March 2016| title = Alstom JV begins construction on South African suburban trains manufacturing site| work = www.europeanrailwayreview.com| access-date = 8 September 2016| archive-date = 13 September 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160913164400/http://www.europeanrailwayreview.com/26686/rail-industry-news/alstom-jv-begins-construction-south-africa-train-manufacturing-site/| url-status = live}}</ref>

In September 2016, Alstom announced it was to cease locomotive manufacturing at its [[Belfort]] (France) site by 2018 due to low orders; remaining production activity was to be transferred to its facility of [[Alstom DDF]] in [[Reichshoffen]], [[Alsace]].<ref>{{citation| url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/alstom-to-cease-locomotive-production-at-belfort.html| title = Alstom to cease locomotive production at Belfort| date = 8 September 2016| work = www.railwaygazette.com| access-date = 8 September 2016| archive-date = 9 September 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160909180343/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/alstom-to-cease-locomotive-production-at-belfort.html| url-status = live}}</ref> However, during October 2016, the French state placed an order of about €650 million for 15 TGV Euroduplex trains; an order for 20 locomotives; plus an order for 30 intercity trains to be built at Reichshoffen. Together, these orders were sufficient to prevent the Belfort plant's closure in the short to medium term.<ref>{{citation| url = http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/europe/alstom-belfort-plant-rescued-with-tgv-order.html| title = Alstom Belfort plant rescued with TGV order| first = Keith| last = Barrow| date = 4 October 2016| work = www.railjournal.com| access-date = 4 October 2016| archive-date = 8 October 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161008140035/http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/europe/alstom-belfort-plant-rescued-with-tgv-order.html?| url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="belclose1">{{citation| url = https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-10-04/france-to-order-alstom-tgv-trains-to-help-prevent-factory-halt| title = Alstom to Scrap Belfort Plan After France Pledges New TGV Orders| first = Ania| last = Nussbaum| date = 4 October 2016| work = www.bloomberg.com| access-date = 5 March 2017| archive-date = 24 October 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161024075453/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-10-04/france-to-order-alstom-tgv-trains-to-help-prevent-factory-halt| url-status = live}}</ref>

In June 2017, Alstom opened the largest train modernisation facility in the UK at [[Halebank]] on the outskirts of [[Liverpool]]. Initial work involved the repainting of the [[British Rail Class 390|Class 390]] ''Pendolino''s.<ref>{{Citation| url = http://alstom-widnes.co.uk/| title = Alstom in Widnes| access-date = 1 July 2017| publisher = Alstom| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170523104128/http://alstom-widnes.co.uk/| archive-date = 23 May 2017| url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | date = 29 June 2017 | title = Alstom opens UK's largest train modernisation facility in Widnes | periodical = Rail Technology Magazine | publisher = Cognitive Publishing | url = http://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Rail-News/alstom-opens-uks-largest-train-modernisation-facility-in-widnes- | access-date = 1 July 2017}}</ref>

On 12 November 2024, Alstom announced on their official website that the first of 35 fully automated [[Alstom Metropolis|Metropolis]] trains has been delivered to [[Taiwan]]. The four-car stainless-steel train can carry up to 700 passengers, including 108 seated, with speeds up to 100 km/h.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alstom successfully delivers the first trainset for Taipei Wanda Line |url=https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/11/alstom-successfully-delivers-first-trainset-taipei-wanda-line |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=Alstom |language=en |archive-date=19 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241119222253/https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/11/alstom-successfully-delivers-first-trainset-taipei-wanda-line |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Attempted merger with Siemens Mobility ====
On 26 September 2017, Alstom announced a proposal to merge with [[Siemens Mobility]], the rolling stock division of German conglomerate [[Siemens]]; this merger was promoted as the creation of "a new European champion in the rail industry".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/2017/09/siemens-and-alstom-join-forces-to-create-a-european-champion-in-mobility/ |title=Siemens and Alstom join forces to create a European Champion in Mobility |date=26 September 2017 |website=Alstom.com |access-date=10 February 2018 |archive-date=10 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210062435/http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/2017/09/siemens-and-alstom-join-forces-to-create-a-european-champion-in-mobility/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The combined rail business, which was to have been reportedly named ''Siemens Alstom'' and headquartered in Paris, would have $18 billion U.S. in revenue and employ 62,300 people in more than 60 countries.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2017/09/26/european-railway-manufacturers-siemens-and-alstom-confirm-merger-deal.html |title=European railway manufacturers Siemens and Alstom confirm merger deal |last=Marowits |first=Ross |date=26 September 2017 |work=The Toronto Star |language=en-CA |issn=0319-0781 |archive-date=10 February 2018 |access-date=10 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210062226/https://www.thestar.com/business/2017/09/26/european-railway-manufacturers-siemens-and-alstom-confirm-merger-deal.html |url-status=live }}</ref> During November 2018, the European Commission voiced its concerns surrounding the proposed merger of the two companies, particularly that the combined entity would be too dominant in the European market; alleged impacts from such dominance included potential increases in passenger fares and cargo fees. Furthermore, a series of [[Protests against Emmanuel Macron|popular protests]] concerning the financial reforms of both the French territorial railway infrastructure and [[SNCF]] occurred.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/alstom-siemens-merger-eu-slams-plans/ |title=EU slams Alstom-Siemens rail mega-merger plans |last1=Larger |first1=Thibault |date=13 November 2018 |work=Politico |last2=Oroschakoff |first2=Kalina |archive-date=13 November 2018 |access-date=14 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113230941/https://www.politico.eu/article/alstom-siemens-merger-eu-slams-plans/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The proposed merger was viewed by some as a measure to counter the rise of rival [[China|Chinese]] rail business [[CRRC]]; it reportedly received support from many figures within both the French and German governments.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Altmeyer|first=Alexander Hübner, Cyril|date=2017-09-27|title=Alstom, Siemens to merge rail businesses to counter China's CRRC|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-alstom-siemens-stocks-idUSKCN1C10PG|access-date=2021-09-19}}</ref> The transaction, which was originally due to close by the end of 2018, was met with opposition by French trade union officials who voiced their concerns that such a merger would have the potential for job losses.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-alstom-siemens-unions/french-trade-unions-voice-opposition-to-alstom-siemens-tie-up-deal-idUSKBN1FJ1RI |title=French trade unions voice opposition to Alstom/Siemens tie-up deal |date=30 January 2018 |work=Reuters |archive-date=10 February 2018 |access-date=10 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210120951/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-alstom-siemens-unions/french-trade-unions-voice-opposition-to-alstom-siemens-tie-up-deal-idUSKBN1FJ1RI |url-status=live }}</ref> On 17 July 2018, Alstom shareholders overwhelmingly approved the proposed merger with Siemens.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.railwayage.com/news/alstom-shareholders-approve-siemens-merger/ |title=Alstom shareholders approve Siemens merger |last=Senese |first=Kyra |date=18 July 2018 |work=Railway Age |language=en |archive-date=22 July 2018 |access-date=22 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722070139/https://www.railwayage.com/news/alstom-shareholders-approve-siemens-merger/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 6 February 2019, the planned merger between the two companies was vetoed by the European Commission.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/6e344f6a-29fd-11e9-88a4-c32129756dd8/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/6e344f6a-29fd-11e9-88a4-c32129756dd8/ |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=EU blocks planned Siemens-Alstom rail deal in landmark decision |last=Toplensky |first=Rochelle |date=6 February 2019 |work=Financial Times |language=en}}</ref> In response to this ruling, Alstom's Chief Executive Officer Henri Poupart-Lafarge stated that he viewed the decision to block the merger was a result of "ideological prejudices".<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-02-06/alstom-and-siemens-show-how-not-to-deal-with-china-and-vestager |title=Alstom and Siemens Show How Not to Deal With China |last=Fickling |first=David |date=6 February 2019 |work=Bloomberg |language=en |archive-date=6 February 2019 |access-date=7 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190206230737/https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-02-06/alstom-and-siemens-show-how-not-to-deal-with-china-and-vestager |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Acquisition of Bombardier Transportation ====
In mid-February 2020, Alstom announced that it had signed a Memorandum of Agreement to buy [[Bombardier Transportation]], the multinational train maker headquartered in [[Berlin]], Germany for between €5.8 billion and €6.2 billion. The deal required the approval by Alstom shareholders at a meeting to be held in October 2020 and approval by European regulators. Bombardier's major shareholder, [[Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec]], had already agreed to the sale.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bombardier-sells-train-making-division-to-french-multinational-alstom-1.5466643 |title=Bombardier sells train-making division to French multinational Alstom |date=17 February 2020 |publisher=CBC News |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218012408/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bombardier-sells-train-making-division-to-french-multinational-alstom-1.5466643 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Awards-contracts-appointments/alstom-to-take-over-bombardier |title=Alstom to take over Bombardier |date=18 February 2020 |publisher=Rail Technology |access-date=18 February 2020 }}{{dead link|date=February 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

In July 2020, it was announced that the [[European Union|EU]] competition authorities had approved the purchase. To finish the deal, Alstom had to sell the [[Alstom DDF]] factory based in [[France]], a regional train division, a Bombardier facility in Germany, and a Bombardier trains division. The company also had to provide guarantees and pass on some of Bombardier's assets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/e1ef9d6f-a0cd-4c9b-a13e-525a728758ca |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/e1ef9d6f-a0cd-4c9b-a13e-525a728758ca |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title= EU approves Alstom-Bombardier deal to create train-making giant |work=Financial Times|last1=Keohane|first1=David|last2=Espinoza|first2=Javier|date=31 July 2020|access-date=31 July 2020|location=Brussels}}</ref>

==== Electric road ====
Alstom has developed a [[ground-level power supply]] (alimentation par le sol - APS) system for use with buses and other vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.railinsider.co.uk/2019/09/26/alstom-transfers-tram-power-supply-technology-to-buses/|title=Alstom transfers tram power supply technology to buses|work=Rail Insider|date=26 September 2019|access-date=29 November 2020|archive-date=29 November 2020|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129165355/https://www.railinsider.co.uk/2019/09/26/alstom-transfers-tram-power-supply-technology-to-buses/}}</ref> The system has been tested for compatibility with [[snow plows]] and for safety under exposure to snow, ice, salting, and saturated [[brine]].<ref>{{citation |url=https://proceedings-calgary2022.piarc.org/ressources/files/2/IP0063-DUPRAT-E-Full.pdf |title=Compatibility of an in-road Electric Road System with winter service operations |author=Patrick Dupart |publisher=[[PIARC]] |others=Alstom |date=February 11, 2022}}</ref> The eRoadMontBlanc project is set to trial Alstom's electric road system on the public road [[Route nationale 205|RN205]]<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.atmb.com/press_release/atmb-shell-mise-en-service-station-gaz-naturel-liquefie-gnl/ |title=Les aides proposées par ATMB à ses clients légers et lourds pour la décarbonation des transports |date=June 30, 2023 |website=ATMB |access-date=15 July 2023 |archive-date=15 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715025926/https://www.atmb.com/press_release/atmb-shell-mise-en-service-station-gaz-naturel-liquefie-gnl/ |url-status=live }}</ref> on trucks and other vehicles in the [[Rhône-Alpes]] region between 2024 and 2027. This is anticipated to be the first public electric road in France.<ref>{{citation |url=https://trm24.fr/lancement-du-projet-de-recherche-eroadmontblanc/ |title=L'APS d'Alstom bientôt testé sur les routes |author=Jean-Philippe Pastre |website=TRM24 |date=June 30, 2023 |access-date=15 July 2023 |archive-date=10 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710114903/https://trm24.fr/lancement-du-projet-de-recherche-eroadmontblanc/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== 2024 debt restructuring ====

Alstom plans in 2024 to issue €1.75&nbsp;billion of shares and bonds to reduce its debt, which was at risk of a credit downgrade into [[junk bond]] status.<ref name=telegraph-20240508>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2024/05/08/alstom-french-owner-britain-big-train-factory-raise-funds/ |title=French owner of Britain's biggest train factory to raise £1.5bn amid race to pay off debt |last=Jasper |first=Christopher |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |url-access=subscription |date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508120153/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2024/05/08/alstom-french-owner-britain-big-train-factory-raise-funds/ |url-status=live }}</ref>