Editing 5th century BC (section)

===[[450s BC]]===
*[[459 BC]]: [[Pleistoanax]] succeeds his father [[Pleistarchus]] as king of [[Sparta]].
*[[459 BC]]: Destruction of the [[Sicily|Sicilian]] town of [[Morgantina]] by [[Ducetius|Douketios]], leader of the [[Sicels|Sikels]], according to [[Diodorus Siculus|Diodoros Siculus]].
*[[459 BC]]: [[Ezra]] leads the second body of [[Jews]] from [[Babylon]] to [[Jerusalem]].
*[[458 BC]]: [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] [[playwright]] [[Aeschylus]] completes the [[Oresteia]], a [[trilogy]] that tells the story of a family blood feud. The plays will have a great influence on future writers.
*[[458 BC]]: [[Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus|Cincinnatus]] is named [[Roman dictator|dictator]] of the [[Roman Republic]] in order to defend it against [[Aequi]]. Sixteen days later, after defeating the invaders at the [[Battle of Mount Algidus]], he resigns and returns to his farm.
*[[457 BC]]: [[History of Athens|Athenian]] [[Politician|statesman]] [[Pericles]]' greatest reform, allowing common people to serve in any state office, inaugurates [[Fifth-century Athens|Golden Age]] of Ancient [[Athens]].
*[[457 BC]]: [[Battle of Tanagra (457 BC)|Battle of Tanagra]]—The [[Sparta]]ns defeat the [[Athens|Athenians]], near [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]].
*[[457 BC]]: [[Battle of Oenophyta]]—The [[Athens|Athenians]] defeat the [[Thebes, Greece|Thebans]] and take control of [[Thebes, Greece|Boeotia]].
*[[457 BC]]: Decree of [[Artaxerxes I of Persia|Artaxerxes I]] to re-establish the city government of [[Jerusalem]]. See Ezra 7, Daniel 9 and Nehemiah 1 in [[Old Testament]].
*[[455 BC]]: A thirty years' [[truce]] concluded between [[Athens]] and [[Lacedaemon]].
*[[455 BC]]: [[Euripides]] presents his first known [[tragedy]], ''[[Peliades]]'', in the [[Athens|Athenian]] [[festival]] of [[Dionysia]].
*[[454 BC]]: [[Athens]] loses a fleet and possibly as many as 50,000 men in a failed attempt to aid an [[Egypt]]ian revolt against [[Achaemenid Empire|Persia]].
*[[454 BC]]: The [[treasury]] of the [[Delian League]] is moved from [[Delos]] to [[Athens]].
*[[454 BC]]: Hostilities between [[Segesta]] and [[Selinunte]], two [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] cities on [[Sicily]].
*[[453 BC]]: [[Taiyuan]], a city in [[China]], gets flooded.
*[[451 BC]]: [[Athens]] makes peace with [[Sparta]] and wages a war against [[Achaemenid Empire|Persia]].
*[[451 BC]]: The [[decemviri]] come to power in the [[Roman Republic]]. They enact the [[twelve tables]], the foundation of [[Roman Law]].
*[[450 BC]]: [[Wars of the Delian League]]: [[Athenians]] under [[Cimon]] defeat the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persian]] fleet.
*[[450 BC]]: [[Perdiccas II of Macedon|Perdiccas II]] succeeds [[Alexander I of Macedon|Alexander I]] as king of [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonia]] (approximate date).
*[[450 BC]] to [[325 BC]]: [[Olmec]]s leave [[La Venta]], and it becomes depopulated by 325 BC.