Editing 1976 Summer Olympics (section)

== Highlights ==
* These Olympics were the first of two summer games to be organized under the IOC presidency of [[Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin]].
* [[Taro Aso]] was a member of the Japanese shooting team. 32 years later, he would be elected as the Prime Minister of Japan.
* The Games were opened by [[Elizabeth II]], as [[Monarchy of Canada|head of state of Canada]], and several members of the [[British Royal Family|Royal Family]] attended the opening ceremonies. This was particularly significant, as these were the first Olympic games hosted on Canadian soil. The Queen's daughter, [[Anne, Princess Royal|Princess Anne]], also competed in the games as part of the British riding team. Additionally, the Queen's husband, [[Prince Philip]], was President of the [[International Equestrian Federation]] (FEI) at the time.
* After a rainstorm doused the [[Olympic Flame]] a few days after the games had opened, an official relit the flame using his cigarette lighter. Organizers quickly doused it again and relit it using a backup of the original flame.
* The Israeli team walked into the stadium at the opening ceremony wearing black ribbons in commemoration of the 1972 [[Munich massacre]].<ref>{{YouTube|-ZqPL9FOHI0}}</ref>
* Women's events were introduced in basketball, [[handball]], and [[Rowing (sport)|rowing]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://montrealgazette.com/sports/montreal-olympics-photo-flashback-more-women-competed-thanks-to-three-new-events |title=Montreal Olympics photo flashback: More women competed thanks to three new events &#124; Montreal Gazette |date=24 May 2018 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524075011/https://montrealgazette.com/sports/montreal-olympics-photo-flashback-more-women-competed-thanks-to-three-new-events |archive-date=24 May 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Canada, the host country, finished with five silver and six bronze medals. This was the first time that the host country of the Summer Games had not won any [[gold medals]]. This had occurred previously only in the Winter Games – [[1924 Winter Olympics|1924]] in [[Chamonix]], France, and [[1928 Winter Olympics|1928]] in [[St. Moritz]], Switzerland. This later occurred at the [[1984 Winter Olympics|1984 Winter Games]] in [[Sarajevo]], [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], and again at the [[1988 Winter Olympics]] in [[Calgary]], Alberta, Canada.
* Because of the [[Munich massacre]], security at these games was visible, as it had been earlier in the year at the [[1976 Winter Olympics|Winter Games]] in [[Innsbruck, Austria]].
* At age 14, gymnast [[Nadia Comăneci]] of Romania became the first person to score a [[Perfect 10 (gymnastics)|perfect 10]] at the Olympics, recording seven 10.00 scores and winning three gold medals, including the [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's artistic individual all-around|all-around]]. The scoreboard could hold only 3 digits and the score was shown as 1.00. 
* [[Alberto Juantorena]] of Cuba became the first man to win both the 400 m and 800 m at the same Olympics.
* Finland's [[Lasse Virén]] repeated his [[1972 Summer Olympics|1972]] double win in the 5,000 and 10,000 m runs, the first runner to successfully defend a 5,000 m win (since equalled by Great Britain's [[Mo Farah]] in 2016). Virén finished 5th in the [[marathon (sport)|marathon]], thereby failing to equal [[Emil Zátopek]]'s 1952 achievements.
* [[Hasely Crawford]] won Trinidad and Tobago's first Olympic gold medal by finishing first in the 100 meter dash.
* [[Viktor Saneyev]] of the [[Soviet Union]] won his third consecutive [[triple jump]] gold medal, while [[Klaus Dibiasi]] of Italy did the same in the platform [[Diving (sport)|diving]] event.
* [[Boris Onishchenko]], a member of the Soviet Union's [[modern pentathlon]] team, was disqualified after it was discovered that he had rigged his [[épée]] to register a hit when there was not one. Because of this, the Soviet modern pentathlon team was disqualified. Due to his disqualification, he earned the nickname "Boris DISonish-chenko". Many suggested that he was a victim of the Soviet "win it all" mentality.<ref>{{cite web|title=Onischenko pushes the button and oversteps boundaries for fencing glory|url=https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/playback/strangest-moments/episodes/onischenko-pushes-the-button-and-oversteps-boundaries-for-fencing-glory/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207012204/https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/playback/strangest-moments/episodes/onischenko-pushes-the-button-and-oversteps-boundaries-for-fencing-glory/|archive-date=February 7, 2018|website=Olympic Channel}}</ref>
* Five American [[boxing|boxers]] – [[Sugar Ray Leonard]], [[Leon Spinks]], [[Michael Spinks]], [[Leo Randolph]] and [[Howard Davis Jr.]] won gold medals in [[boxing]]. This has been often called the greatest Olympic boxing team the United States ever had, and, out of the five American gold medalists in boxing, all but Davis went on to become professional world champions.
* [[Anne, Princess Royal|Princess Anne]] of Great Britain was the only female competitor not to have to submit to a [[Sex determination in sports|sex test]].<ref>This has often been reported as fact as early as 1977, but never verified by the Olympics authorities. For example, see {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PWLvAAAAMAAJ&q=%22sex+test%22+%22princess+anne%22 | title=THE BARBIE DOLL SOAP OPERA | work=New York Daily News | publisher=reprinted in Best Sports Stories 1977 | access-date=July 25, 2012 | author=Young, Dick | year=1977 | pages=47 | isbn=9780525066231 | quote=I have it on the strongest authority that Princess Anne did not have to submit to a sex test to compete in the Olympic Equestrian events.}}</ref> She was a member of her country's [[equestrianism|equestrian]] team.
* Japanese gymnast [[Shun Fujimoto]] performed on a broken right knee, and helped the Japanese team win the gold medal for the team [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around|championship]]. Fujimoto broke his leg on the floor exercise, and due to the closeness in the overall standings with the USSR, he hid the extent of the injury. With a broken knee, Fujimoto was able to complete his event on the rings, performing a perfect triple somersault dismount, maintaining perfect posture. He scored a 9.7 thus securing gold for Japan. Years later, when asked if he would do it again, he stated bluntly "No, I would not."<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics2000/fans_guide/883355.stm "Fujimoto caps Japanese success"], BBC, September 29, 2000</ref>
* The U.S. men's swimming team won all but one gold medal. [[John Naber]] won four gold medals and a silver medal.
* The East German women's swimming team won all but two gold medals. [[Kornelia Ender]] won four gold medals and a silver medal.
* In winning the gold medal for the men's 100m freestyle, [[Jim Montgomery (swimmer)|Jim Montgomery]] became the first person to break the 50 second mark in the event, taking first place in the final in a time of 49.99.
* For the first time ever, a woman won an Olympic medal in shooting: American [[Margaret Murdock]] caught the silver in the [[three positions]] event. [[Lanny Bassham]] (another American) and Murdock tied for the first place, but Murdock was placed second after review of the targets. Bassham suggested that two gold medals be given, and after this request was declined, asked Murdock to share the top step with him at the award ceremony. At that time, all the shooting sport events were mixed. Murdock became the first woman to win an Olympic medal in shooting.<ref name="SR">{{cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1976/SHO/mixed-small-bore-rifle-three-positions-50-metres.html |title=Shooting at the 1976 Montreal Summer Games: Mixed Small-Bore Rifle, Three Positions, 50 metres |work=Sports Reference |access-date=7 February 2020 |archive-date=April 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418131405/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1976/SHO/mixed-small-bore-rifle-three-positions-50-metres.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Luann Ryon]] won the women's [[Archery]] gold for the United States; Ryon had never before competed at the international level.
* [[Bruce Jenner]]{{efn|now known as Caitlyn Jenner.}} won the gold medal for [[decathlon]], setting a world record of 8,634 points.
* [[Greg Louganis]] won the silver medal for the 10m Platform event in Men's Diving at 16 years old.<ref>Gregory Louganis' Athlete Profile at Olympics.com, the IOC website https://olympics.com/en/athletes/gregory-louganis</ref>
* [[Alex Oakley]], the Canadian race walker, became the oldest track and field athlete to compete at the Olympic Games. He was aged 50, and taking part in his fifth Olympics.
* The [[New Zealand men's national field hockey team]] beat Australia to win gold, becoming the first non-Asian/European team to win the gold medal in hockey. It is also the first Olympic games in which hockey was played on artificial turf.
* The Polish men's volleyball team came back from being down 2 sets against the USSR to win the gold medal.
* Twenty-year-old [[Morehouse College]] student [[Edwin Moses]] sets a new world record in the 400m hurdles, less than a year after taking up the event. He is also America's only male individual track gold medalist.
* [[Thomas Bach]] of [[West Germany]] won a gold medal in the [[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team foil|team foil]] event in [[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics|fencing]]. He would later become [[IOC President]].
* Heavyweight boxer [[Clarence Hill (boxer)|Clarence Hill]] won a bronze medal for [[Bermuda]]. His accomplishment makes Bermuda the smallest nation in terms of population to win an Olympic medal at the Summer Olympics.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Plautz|first1=Jason|title=The 21 Countries With One Olympic Medal|date=July 26, 2012|url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/31311/21-countries-one-olympic-medal%20The%2021%20Countries%20With%20One%20Olympic%20Medal|publisher=mentalfloss.com}}</ref>
*[[East Germany]] surpassed all expectations for a middle-sized nation by finishing with the second most gold medals in total. The East German women's swimming team won all but two gold medals. Swimmer [[Kornelia Ender]] won four gold medals and a silver medal. However, the GDR's achievements were later fundamentally undermined by the exposure of a serious and systematic scheme of doping by the East German sporting authorities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Doping Scandal of East Germany in the 1970s|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvKQ2kVBwTU|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140115224156/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvKQ2kVBwTU|archive-date=January 15, 2014|website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> It was later revealed that after injecting athletes with performance-boosting drugs at the Montreal Olympics, East German officials dumped the leftover serum and syringes in the [[Saint Lawrence River]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/stasi-dumped-syringes-in-st-lawrence-in-1976-report-1.805983|title=Stasi dumped syringes in St. Lawrence in 1976: report|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |author=CBC News |date= November 8, 2009|access-date=May 13, 2016}}</ref>